问题:在iPython Notebook中进行调试的正确方法是什么?

我所知, %debug magic可以在一个单元内进行调试。

但是,我有跨多个单元格的函数调用。

例如,

In[1]: def fun1(a)
           def fun2(b)
               # I want to set a breakpoint for the following line #
               return do_some_thing_about(b)

       return fun2(a)

In[2]: import multiprocessing as mp
       pool=mp.Pool(processes=2)
       results=pool.map(fun1, 1.0)
       pool.close()
       pool.join

我试过的

  1. 我试图%debug在cell-1的第一行中设置。但是它甚至在执行单元2之前就立即进入调试模式。

  2. 我试图%debug在代码之前添加该行return do_some_thing_about(b)。但是,代码将永远运行,永远不会停止。

在ipython笔记本中设置断点的正确方法是什么?

As I know, %debug magic can do debug within one cell.

However, I have function calls across multiple cells.

For example,

In[1]: def fun1(a)
           def fun2(b)
               # I want to set a breakpoint for the following line #
               return do_some_thing_about(b)

       return fun2(a)

In[2]: import multiprocessing as mp
       pool=mp.Pool(processes=2)
       results=pool.map(fun1, 1.0)
       pool.close()
       pool.join

What I tried:

  1. I tried to set %debug in the first line of cell-1. But it enter into debug mode immediately, even before executing cell-2.

  2. I tried to add %debug in the line right before the code return do_some_thing_about(b). But then the code runs forever, never stops.

What is the right way to set a break point within the ipython notebook?


回答 0

使用ipdb

通过安装

pip install ipdb

用法:

In[1]: def fun1(a):
   def fun2(a):
       import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace() # debugging starts here
       return do_some_thing_about(b)
   return fun2(a)
In[2]: fun1(1)

用于逐行执行n和进入功能使用,s并退出调试提示使用c

有关可用命令的完整列表:https : //appletree.or.kr/quick_reference_cards/Python/Python%20Debugger%20Cheatsheet.pdf

Use ipdb

Install it via

pip install ipdb

Usage:

In[1]: def fun1(a):
   def fun2(a):
       import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace() # debugging starts here
       return do_some_thing_about(b)
   return fun2(a)
In[2]: fun1(1)

For executing line by line use n and for step into a function use s and to exit from debugging prompt use c.

For complete list of available commands: https://appletree.or.kr/quick_reference_cards/Python/Python%20Debugger%20Cheatsheet.pdf


回答 1

您可以ipdb在jupyter内部使用以下命令:

from IPython.core.debugger import Tracer; Tracer()()

编辑:自IPython 5.1起,不推荐使用上述功能。这是新方法:

from IPython.core.debugger import set_trace

set_trace()在需要断点的地方添加。键入help用于ipdb命令输入字段出现时。

You can use ipdb inside jupyter with:

from IPython.core.debugger import Tracer; Tracer()()

Edit: the functions above are deprecated since IPython 5.1. This is the new approach:

from IPython.core.debugger import set_trace

Add set_trace() where you need a breakpoint. Type help for ipdb commands when the input field appears.


回答 2

您的返回函数位于def函数(主函数)的行中,您必须给它一个制表符。和使用

%%debug 

代替

%debug 

调试整个单元而不仅仅是行。希望这可能对您有帮助。

Your return function is in line of def function(main function), you must give one tab to it. And Use

%%debug 

instead of

%debug 

to debug the whole cell not only line. Hope, maybe this will help you.


回答 3

您始终可以在任何单元格中添加它:

import pdb; pdb.set_trace()

调试器将在该行停止。例如:

In[1]: def fun1(a):
           def fun2(a):
               import pdb; pdb.set_trace() # debugging starts here
           return fun2(a)

In[2]: fun1(1)

You can always add this in any cell:

import pdb; pdb.set_trace()

and the debugger will stop on that line. For example:

In[1]: def fun1(a):
           def fun2(a):
               import pdb; pdb.set_trace() # debugging starts here
           return fun2(a)

In[2]: fun1(1)

回答 4

在Python 3.7中,您可以使用breakpoint()函数。只需输入

breakpoint()

无论您想在哪里停止运行时,都可以使用相同的pdb命令(r,c,n,…)或评估变量。

In Python 3.7 you can use breakpoint() function. Just enter

breakpoint()

wherever you would like runtime to stop and from there you can use the same pdb commands (r, c, n, …) or evaluate your variables.


回答 5

只需键入import pdb在jupyter笔记本,然后用这个的cheatsheet调试。非常方便

c->继续,s->步进,b 12->在第12行设置断点,依此类推。

一些有用的链接: pdb上的Python官方文档Python pdb调试器示例,以更好地了解如何使用调试器命令

一些有用的屏幕截图: 在此处输入图片说明在此处输入图片说明

Just type import pdb in jupyter notebook, and then use this cheatsheet to debug. It’s very convenient.

c –> continue, s –> step, b 12 –> set break point at line 12 and so on.

Some useful links: Python Official Document on pdb, Python pdb debugger examples for better understanding how to use the debugger commands.

Some useful screenshots: enter image description hereenter image description here


回答 6

得到错误后,在下一个单元格中运行%debug,仅此而已。

After you get an error, in the next cell just run %debug and that’s it.


回答 7

是很好用为好。只需说一遍%pdb on,随后pdb调试器将在所有异常上运行,无论调用堆栈中有多深。非常便利。

如果您有要调试的特定行,只需在此处引发一个异常(通常您已经!),或使用%debug其他人一直在建议的magic命令。

The is good to use as well. Just say %pdb on and subsequently the pdb debugger will run on all exceptions, no matter how deep in the call stack. Very handy.

If you have a particular line that you want to debug, just raise an exception there (often you already are!) or use the %debug magic command that other folks have been suggesting.


回答 8

我刚刚发现了PixieDebugger。甚至以为我还没有时间进行测试,这似乎确实是调试我们在ipdb中使用ipython的方式的最相似方法

在此处输入图片说明

它还有一个“评估”标签

I just discovered PixieDebugger. Even thought I have not yet had the time to test it, it really seems the most similar way to debug the way we’re used in ipython with ipdb

enter image description here

It also has an “evaluate” tab


回答 9

提供了本机调试器作为JupyterLab的扩展。可以在几周前发布,可以通过获取相关扩展以及xeus-python内核(尤其是没有ipykernel用户众所周知的魔术)来安装它:

jupyter labextension install @jupyterlab/debugger
conda install xeus-python -c conda-forge

这样可以实现其他IDE众所周知的可视化调试体验。

在此处输入图片说明

来源:Jupyter的可视调试器

A native debugger is being made available as an extension to JupyterLab. Released a few weeks ago, this can be installed by getting the relevant extension, as well as xeus-python kernel (which notably comes without the magics well-known to ipykernel users):

jupyter labextension install @jupyterlab/debugger
conda install xeus-python -c conda-forge

This enables a visual debugging experience well-known from other IDEs.

enter image description here

Source: A visual debugger for Jupyter


声明:本站所有文章,如无特殊说明或标注,均为本站原创发布。任何个人或组织,在未征得本站同意时,禁止复制、盗用、采集、发布本站内容到任何网站、书籍等各类媒体平台。如若本站内容侵犯了原著者的合法权益,可联系我们进行处理。