问题:如何将Python的.py转换为.exe?

我试图将一个相当简单的Python程序转换为可执行文件,但是找不到我想要的东西,所以我有几个问题(我正在运行Python 3.6):

到目前为止,我发现的方法如下

  1. 下载旧版本的Python并使用 pyinstaller/py2exe
  2. 在Python 3.6中设置一个虚拟环境,这将允许我执行1。
  3. 下载Python到C ++转换器并使用它。

这是我尝试过的/遇到的问题。

  • 我在安装pyinstaller所需的下载之前安装了它(pypi-something),所以它无法正常工作。下载必备文件后,pyinstaller仍然无法识别它。
  • 如果要在Python 2.7中设置virtualenv,我是否真的需要安装Python 2.7?
  • 同样,我看到的唯一的python至C ++转换器只能在Python 3.5之前工作-尝试这样做是否需要下载并使用此版本?

I’m trying to convert a fairly simple Python program to an executable and couldn’t find what I was looking for, so I have a few questions (I’m running Python 3.6):

The methods of doing this that I have found so far are as follows

  1. downloading an old version of Python and using pyinstaller/py2exe
  2. setting up a virtual environment in Python 3.6 that will allow me to do 1.
  3. downloading a Python to C++ converter and using that.

Here is what I’ve tried/what problems I’ve run into.

  • I installed pyinstaller before the required download before it (pypi-something) so it did not work. After downloading the prerequisite file, pyinstaller still does not recognize it.
  • If I’m setting up a virtualenv in Python 2.7, do I actually need to have Python 2.7 installed?
  • similarly, the only python to C++ converters I see work only up until Python 3.5 – do I need to download and use this version if attempting this?

回答 0

在Python 3.6中将.py转换为.exe的步骤

  1. 安装Python 3.6
  2. 安装cx_Freeze,(打开命令提示符并输入pip install cx_Freeze
  3. 安装idna,(打开命令提示符并输入pip install idna
  4. 编写一个.py名为的程序myfirstprog.py
  5. setup.py在脚本的当前目录中创建一个新的python文件。
  6. setup.py文件中,复制下面的代码并保存。
  7. 按住Shift键并在同一目录上单击鼠标右键,因此您可以打开命令提示符窗口。
  8. 在提示中,键入 python setup.py build
  9. 如果您的脚本没有错误,那么创建应用程序将没有问题。
  10. 检查新创建的文件夹build。它有另一个文件夹。在该文件夹中,您可以找到您的应用程序。运行。让自己开心。

请参阅我的博客中的原始脚本。

setup.py:

from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable

base = None    

executables = [Executable("myfirstprog.py", base=base)]

packages = ["idna"]
options = {
    'build_exe': {    
        'packages':packages,
    },    
}

setup(
    name = "<any name>",
    options = options,
    version = "<any number>",
    description = '<any description>',
    executables = executables
)

编辑:

  • 确保不要myfirstprog.py步骤4中.py创建的扩展名放在文件名中;
  • 你应该包括每import版包您.pypackages列表(例如:packages = ["idna", "os","sys"]
  • any name, any number, any descriptionsetup.py文件不应保持不变,就应该相应地改变它(例如:name = "<first_ever>", version = "0.11", description = ''
  • import你开始之前,编辑软件包必须安装第8步

Steps to convert .py to .exe in Python 3.6

  1. Install Python 3.6.
  2. Install cx_Freeze, (open your command prompt and type pip install cx_Freeze.
  3. Install idna, (open your command prompt and type pip install idna.
  4. Write a .py program named myfirstprog.py.
  5. Create a new python file named setup.py on the current directory of your script.
  6. In the setup.py file, copy the code below and save it.
  7. With shift pressed right click on the same directory, so you are able to open a command prompt window.
  8. In the prompt, type python setup.py build
  9. If your script is error free, then there will be no problem on creating application.
  10. Check the newly created folder build. It has another folder in it. Within that folder you can find your application. Run it. Make yourself happy.

See the original script in my blog.

setup.py:

from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable

base = None    

executables = [Executable("myfirstprog.py", base=base)]

packages = ["idna"]
options = {
    'build_exe': {    
        'packages':packages,
    },    
}

setup(
    name = "<any name>",
    options = options,
    version = "<any number>",
    description = '<any description>',
    executables = executables
)

EDIT:

  • be sure that instead of myfirstprog.py you should put your .pyextension file name as created in step 4;
  • you should include each imported package in your .py into packages list (ex: packages = ["idna", "os","sys"])
  • any name, any number, any description in setup.py file should not remain the same, you should change it accordingly (ex:name = "<first_ever>", version = "0.11", description = '' )
  • the imported packages must be installed before you start step 8.

回答 1

PyInstaller支持Python 3.6。

在您的Python文件夹中打开一个cmd窗口(打开命令窗口并使用cd或按住shift键,在Windows资源管理器中右键单击它,然后选择“在此处打开命令窗口”)。然后输入

pip install pyinstaller

就是这样。

使用它的最简单方法是在命令提示符下输入

pyinstaller file_name.py

有关如何使用它的更多详细信息,请查看此问题

Python 3.6 is supported by PyInstaller.

Open a cmd window in your Python folder (open a command window and use cd or while holding shift, right click it on Windows Explorer and choose ‘Open command window here’). Then just enter

pip install pyinstaller

And that’s it.

The simplest way to use it is by entering on your command prompt

pyinstaller file_name.py

For more details on how to use it, take a look at this question.


回答 2

GitHub上有一个名为auto-py-to-exe的开源项目。实际上,它也仅在内部使用PyInstaller,但由于它具有控制PyInstaller的简单GUI,因此它可能是一个舒适的选择。与其他解决方案相比,它还可以输出独立文件。他们还提供了视频,展示了如何进行设置。

界面:

自动Py执行

输出:

输出量

There is an open source project called auto-py-to-exe on GitHub. Actually it also just uses PyInstaller internally but since it is has a simple GUI that controls PyInstaller it may be a comfortable alternative. It can also output a standalone file in contrast to other solutions. They also provide a video showing how to set it up.

GUI:

Auto Py to Exe

Output:

Output


回答 3

我无法告诉您什么是最好的,但是我过去成功使用的工具是cx_Freeze。他们最近(在17年1月7日)更新到了5.0.1版,它支持Python 3.6。

这是Pypi https://pypi.python.org/pypi/cx_Freeze

该文档显示,有多种方法可以完成此操作,具体取决于您的需求。 http://cx-freeze.readthedocs.io/en/latest/overview.html

我还没有尝试过,所以我将指向一个帖子,其中讨论了执行此操作的简单方法。有些事情可能会或可能不会改变。

如何使用cx_freeze?

I can’t tell you what’s best, but a tool I have used with success in the past was cx_Freeze. They recently updated (on Jan. 7, ’17) to version 5.0.1 and it supports Python 3.6.

Here’s the pypi https://pypi.python.org/pypi/cx_Freeze

The documentation shows that there is more than one way to do it, depending on your needs. http://cx-freeze.readthedocs.io/en/latest/overview.html

I have not tried it out yet, so I’m going to point to a post where the simple way of doing it was discussed. Some things may or may not have changed though.

How do I use cx_freeze?


回答 4

我一直在我的软件包PySimpleGUI中使用Nuitka和PyInstaller。

努伊特卡 存在使tkinter与Nuikta进行编译的问题。一个项目贡献者开发了一个脚本来解决该问题。

如果您不使用tkinter,则可能对您“有效”。如果您使用的是tkinter,请这样说,我将尝试发布脚本和说明。

PyInstaller 我正在运行3.6,PyInstaller运行良好!我用来创建exe文件的命令是:

pyinstaller -wF myfile.py

-wF将创建一个EXE文件。因为我的所有程序都具有GUI,并且我不想显示命令窗口,所以-w选项将隐藏命令窗口。

这几乎就像运行用Python编写的Winforms程序一样

[2019年7月20日更新]

有使用PyInstaller的基于PySimpleGUI GUI的解决方案。它使用PySimpleGUI。它称为pysimplegui-exemaker,可以进行pip安装。

pip install PySimpleGUI-exemaker

要在安装后运行它:

python -m pysimplegui-exemaker.pysimplegui-exemaker

I’ve been using Nuitka and PyInstaller with my package, PySimpleGUI.

Nuitka There were issues getting tkinter to compile with Nuikta. One of the project contributors developed a script that fixed the problem.

If you’re not using tkinter it may “just work” for you. If you are using tkinter say so and I’ll try to get the script and instructions published.

PyInstaller I’m running 3.6 and PyInstaller is working great! The command I use to create my exe file is:

pyinstaller -wF myfile.py

The -wF will create a single EXE file. Because all of my programs have a GUI and I do not want to command window to show, the -w option will hide the command window.

This is as close to getting what looks like a Winforms program to run that was written in Python.

[Update 20-Jul-2019]

There is PySimpleGUI GUI based solution that uses PyInstaller. It uses PySimpleGUI. It’s called pysimplegui-exemaker and can be pip installed.

pip install PySimpleGUI-exemaker

To run it after installing:

python -m pysimplegui-exemaker.pysimplegui-exemaker


回答 5

现在,您可以使用PyInstaller进行转换。我甚至使用Python 3。

脚步:

  1. 启动电脑
  2. 打开命令提示符
  3. 输入命令 pip install pyinstaller
  4. 安装后,使用命令“ cd”转到工作目录。
  5. 运行命令 pyinstall <filename>

Now you can convert it by using PyInstaller. It works with even Python 3.

Steps:

  1. Fire up your PC
  2. Open command prompt
  3. Enter command pip install pyinstaller
  4. When it is installed, use the command ‘cd’ to go to the working directory.
  5. Run command pyinstall <filename>

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