使用Python日志记录模块时重复的日志输出

I am using python logger. The following is my code:

import os
import time
import datetime
import logging
class Logger :
   def myLogger(self):
      logger = logging.getLogger('ProvisioningPython')
      logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
      now = datetime.datetime.now()
      handler=logging.FileHandler('/root/credentials/Logs/ProvisioningPython'+ now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") +'.log')
      formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
      handler.setFormatter(formatter)
      logger.addHandler(handler)
      return logger

The problem I have is that I get multiple entries in the log file for each logger.info call. How can I solve this?

The logging.getLogger() is already a singleton. (Documentation)

The problem is that every time you call myLogger(), it’s adding another handler to the instance, which causes the duplicate logs.

Perhaps something like this?

import os
import time
import datetime
import logging

loggers = {}

def myLogger(name):
    global loggers

    if loggers.get(name):
        return loggers.get(name)
    else:
        logger = logging.getLogger(name)
        logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        handler = logging.FileHandler(
            '/root/credentials/Logs/ProvisioningPython' 
            + now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") 
            + '.log')
        formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
        handler.setFormatter(formatter)
        logger.addHandler(handler)
        loggers[name] = logger

        return logger

Since Python 3.2 you can just check if handlers are already present and if so, clear them before adding new handlers. This is pretty convenient when debugging and the code includes your logger initialization

if (logger.hasHandlers()):
    logger.handlers.clear()

logger.addHandler(handler)

import datetime
import logging
class Logger :
    def myLogger(self):
       logger=logging.getLogger('ProvisioningPython')
       if not len(logger.handlers):
          logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
          now = datetime.datetime.now()
          handler=logging.FileHandler('/root/credentials/Logs/ProvisioningPython'+ now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") +'.log')
          formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
          handler.setFormatter(formatter)
          logger.addHandler(handler)
        return logger

made the trick for me

using python 2.7

I already used the logger as a Singleton and checked if not len(logger.handlers), but still got duplicates: It was the formatted output, followed by the unformatted.

Solution in my case: logger.propagate = False

Credits to this answer and the docs.

You are calling Logger.myLogger() more than once. Store the logger instance it returns somewhere and reuse that.

Also be advised that if you log before any handler is added, a default StreamHandler(sys.stderr) will be created.

This is an addition to @rm957377’s answer but with an explanation of why this is happening. When you run a lambda function in AWS, they call your function from within a wrapping instance that stays alive for multiple calls. Meaning, if you call addHandler() within the code of your function, it will continue to add duplicate handlers to the logging singleton every time the function runs. The logging singleton persists through multiple calls of you lambda function.

To solve this you can clear your handlers before you set them via:

logging.getLogger().handlers.clear()
logging.getLogger().addHandler(...)

Your logger should work as singleton. You shouldn’t create it more than once. Here is example how it might look:

import os
import time
import datetime
import logging
class Logger :
    logger = None
    def myLogger(self):
        if None == self.logger:
            self.logger=logging.getLogger('ProvisioningPython')
            self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
            now = datetime.datetime.now()
            handler=logging.FileHandler('ProvisioningPython'+ now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") +'.log')
            formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
            handler.setFormatter(formatter)
            self.logger.addHandler(handler)
        return self.logger

s = Logger()
m = s.myLogger()
m2 = s.myLogger()
m.info("Info1")
m2.info("info2")

The implementation of logger is already a singleton.

Multiple calls to logging.getLogger(‘someLogger’) return a reference to the same logger object. This is true not only within the same module, but also across modules as long as it is in the same Python interpreter process. It is true for references to the same object; additionally, application code can define and configure a parent logger in one module and create (but not configure) a child logger in a separate module, and all logger calls to the child will pass up to the parent. Here is a main module

Source- Using logging in multiple modules

So the way you should utilize this is –

Let’s suppose we have created and configured a logger called ‘main_logger’ in the main module (which simply configures the logger, doesn’t return anything).

# get the logger instance
logger = logging.getLogger("main_logger")
# configuration follows
...

Now in a sub-module, if we create a child logger following the naming hierarchy ‘main_logger.sub_module_logger’, we don’t need to configure it in the sub-module. Just creation of the logger following the naming hierarchy is sufficient.

# get the logger instance
logger = logging.getLogger("main_logger.sub_module_logger")
# no configuration needed
# it inherits the configuration from the parent logger
...

And it won’t add duplicate handler as well.

See this question for a little more verbose answer.

Double (or triple or ..- based on number of reloads) logger output may also happen when you reload your module via importlib.reload (for the same reason as explained in accepted answer). I am adding this answer just for a future reference as it took me a while to figure out why my output is dupli(triple)cated.

One simple workaround is like

logger.handlers[:] = [handler]

This way you avoid appending new handler to the underlying list “handlers”.

Bottom line for most cases when this happens, one only needs to call logger.getLogger() only once per module. If you have multiple classes like I did, I could call it like so:

LOGGER = logger.getLogger(__name__)

class MyClass1:
    log = LOGGER
    def __init__(self):
        self.log.debug('class 1 initialized')

class MyClass2:
    log = LOGGER
    def __init__(self):
        self.log.debug('class 2 initialized')

Both then will have their own full package name and method where logged.

You are able to get list of all handlers for the particular logger, so you can do something like this

logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
handler_installed = False
for handler in logger:
    # Here your condition to check for handler presence
    if isinstance(handler, logging.FileHandler) and handler.baseFilename == log_filename:
        handler_installed = True
        break

if not handler_installed:
    logger.addHandler(your_handler)

In the example above we check if the handler for a file specified is already hooked to the logger, but having access to the list of all handlers gives you an ability to decide on which criteria you should add another handler or not.

Had this problem today. Since my functions were @staticmethod the above suggestions were resolved with random().

Looking something like:

import random

logger = logging.getLogger('ProvisioningPython.{}'.format(random.random()))

from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
import logging
import datetime

# stores all the existing loggers
loggers = {}

def get_logger(name):

    # if a logger exists, return that logger, else create a new one
    global loggers
    if name in loggers.keys():
        return loggers[name]
    else:
        logger = logging.getLogger(name)
        logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        handler = logging.FileHandler(
            'path_of_your_log_file' 
            + now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") 
            + '.log')
        formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
        handler.setFormatter(formatter)
        logger.addHandler(handler)
        loggers.update(dict(name=logger))
        return logger