创建动态选择字段

I’m having some trouble trying to understand how to create a dynamic choice field in django. I have a model set up something like:

class rider(models.Model):
     user = models.ForeignKey(User)
     waypoint = models.ManyToManyField(Waypoint)

class Waypoint(models.Model):
     lat = models.FloatField()
     lng = models.FloatField()

What I’m trying to do is create a choice Field whos values are the waypoints associated with that rider (which would be the person logged in).

Currently I’m overriding init in my forms like so:

class waypointForm(forms.Form):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
          super(joinTripForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
          self.fields['waypoints'] = forms.ChoiceField(choices=[ (o.id, str(o)) for o in Waypoint.objects.all()])

But all that does is list all the waypoints, they’re not associated with any particular rider. Any ideas? Thanks.

you can filter the waypoints by passing the user to the form init

class waypointForm(forms.Form):
    def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
        super(waypointForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['waypoints'] = forms.ChoiceField(
            choices=[(o.id, str(o)) for o in Waypoint.objects.filter(user=user)]
        )

from your view while initiating the form pass the user

form = waypointForm(user)

in case of model form

class waypointForm(forms.ModelForm):
    def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
        super(waypointForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['waypoints'] = forms.ModelChoiceField(
            queryset=Waypoint.objects.filter(user=user)
        )

    class Meta:
        model = Waypoint

There’s built-in solution for your problem: ModelChoiceField.

Generally, it’s always worth trying to use ModelForm when you need to create/change database objects. Works in 95% of the cases and it’s much cleaner than creating your own implementation.

the problem is when you do

def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
    super(waypointForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    self.fields['waypoints'] = forms.ChoiceField(choices=[ (o.id, str(o)) for o in Waypoint.objects.filter(user=user)])

in a update request, the previous value will lost!

How about passing the rider instance to the form while initializing it?

class WaypointForm(forms.Form):
    def __init__(self, rider, *args, **kwargs):
      super(joinTripForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
      qs = rider.Waypoint_set.all()
      self.fields['waypoints'] = forms.ChoiceField(choices=[(o.id, str(o)) for o in qs])

# In view:
rider = request.user
form = WaypointForm(rider) 

Underneath working solution with normal choice field. my problem was that each user have their own CUSTOM choicefield options based on few conditions.

class SupportForm(BaseForm):

    affiliated = ChoiceField(required=False, label='Fieldname', choices=[], widget=Select(attrs={'onchange': 'sysAdminCheck();'}))

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        self.request = kwargs.pop('request', None)
        grid_id = get_user_from_request(self.request)
        for l in get_all_choices().filter(user=user_id):
            admin = 'y' if l in self.core else 'n'
            choice = (('%s_%s' % (l.name, admin)), ('%s' % l.name))
            self.affiliated_choices.append(choice)
        super(SupportForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['affiliated'].choices = self.affiliated_choice

As pointed by Breedly and Liang, Ashok’s solution will prevent you from getting the select value when posting the form.

One slightly different, but still imperfect, way to solve that would be:

class waypointForm(forms.Form):
    def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
        self.base_fields['waypoints'].choices = self._do_the_choicy_thing()
        super(waypointForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

This could cause some concurrence problems, though.

You can declare the field as a first-class attribute of your form and just set choices dynamically:

class WaypointForm(forms.Form):
    waypoints = forms.ChoiceField(choices=[])

    def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        waypoint_choices = [(o.id, str(o)) for o in Waypoint.objects.filter(user=user)]
        self.fields['waypoints'].choices = waypoint_choices

You can also use a ModelChoiceField and set the queryset on init in a similar manner.

If you need a dynamic choice field in django admin; This works for django >=2.1.

class CarAdminForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Car

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(CarForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # Now you can make it dynamic.
        choices = (
            ('audi', 'Audi'),
            ('tesla', 'Tesla')
        )

        self.fields.get('car_field').choices = choices

    car_field = forms.ChoiceField(choices=[])

@admin.register(Car)
class CarAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    form = CarAdminForm

Hope this helps.