在iPython Notebook中进行调试的正确方法是什么？

As I know, %debug magic can do debug within one cell.

However, I have function calls across multiple cells.

For example,

In[1]: def fun1(a)
           def fun2(b)
               # I want to set a breakpoint for the following line #
               return do_some_thing_about(b)

       return fun2(a)

In[2]: import multiprocessing as mp
       pool=mp.Pool(processes=2)
       results=pool.map(fun1, 1.0)
       pool.close()
       pool.join

What I tried:

1. I tried to set %debug in the first line of cell-1. But it enter into debug mode immediately, even before executing cell-2.

2. I tried to add %debug in the line right before the code return do_some_thing_about(b). But then the code runs forever, never stops.

What is the right way to set a break point within the ipython notebook?

Use ipdb

Install it via

pip install ipdb

Usage:

In[1]: def fun1(a):
   def fun2(a):
       import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace() # debugging starts here
       return do_some_thing_about(b)
   return fun2(a)
In[2]: fun1(1)

For executing line by line use n and for step into a function use s and to exit from debugging prompt use c.

For complete list of available commands: https://appletree.or.kr/quick_reference_cards/Python/Python%20Debugger%20Cheatsheet.pdf

You can use ipdb inside jupyter with:

from IPython.core.debugger import Tracer; Tracer()()

Edit: the functions above are deprecated since IPython 5.1. This is the new approach:

from IPython.core.debugger import set_trace

Add set_trace() where you need a breakpoint. Type help for ipdb commands when the input field appears.

Your return function is in line of def function(main function), you must give one tab to it. And Use

%%debug 

instead of

%debug 

to debug the whole cell not only line. Hope, maybe this will help you.

You can always add this in any cell:

import pdb; pdb.set_trace()

and the debugger will stop on that line. For example:

In[1]: def fun1(a):
           def fun2(a):
               import pdb; pdb.set_trace() # debugging starts here
           return fun2(a)

In[2]: fun1(1)

In Python 3.7 you can use breakpoint() function. Just enter

breakpoint()

wherever you would like runtime to stop and from there you can use the same pdb commands (r, c, n, …) or evaluate your variables.

Just type import pdb in jupyter notebook, and then use this cheatsheet to debug. It’s very convenient.

c –> continue, s –> step, b 12 –> set break point at line 12 and so on.

Some useful links: Python Official Document on pdb, Python pdb debugger examples for better understanding how to use the debugger commands.

Some useful screenshots:

After you get an error, in the next cell just run %debug and that’s it.

The is good to use as well. Just say %pdb on and subsequently the pdb debugger will run on all exceptions, no matter how deep in the call stack. Very handy.

If you have a particular line that you want to debug, just raise an exception there (often you already are!) or use the %debug magic command that other folks have been suggesting.

I just discovered PixieDebugger. Even thought I have not yet had the time to test it, it really seems the most similar way to debug the way we’re used in ipython with ipdb

It also has an “evaluate” tab

A native debugger is being made available as an extension to JupyterLab. Released a few weeks ago, this can be installed by getting the relevant extension, as well as xeus-python kernel (which notably comes without the magics well-known to ipykernel users):

jupyter labextension install @jupyterlab/debugger
conda install xeus-python -c conda-forge

This enables a visual debugging experience well-known from other IDEs.

Source: A visual debugger for Jupyter