问题:在Django网站中将HTML渲染为PDF
对于我的django网站,我正在寻找一种将动态html页面转换为pdf的简单解决方案。
页面包含HTML和来自Google可视化API的图表(该图表基于javascript,但必须包含这些图表)。
回答 0
尝试从Reportlab解决方案。
下载并像往常一样使用python setup.py install安装
您还需要安装以下模块:具有easy_install的xhtml2pdf,html5lib,pypdf。
这是一个用法示例:
首先定义此功能:
import cStringIO as StringIO
from xhtml2pdf import pisa
from django.template.loader import get_template
from django.template import Context
from django.http import HttpResponse
from cgi import escape
def render_to_pdf(template_src, context_dict):
    template = get_template(template_src)
    context = Context(context_dict)
    html  = template.render(context)
    result = StringIO.StringIO()
    pdf = pisa.pisaDocument(StringIO.StringIO(html.encode("ISO-8859-1")), result)
    if not pdf.err:
        return HttpResponse(result.getvalue(), content_type='application/pdf')
    return HttpResponse('We had some errors<pre>%s</pre>' % escape(html))然后,您可以像这样使用它:
def myview(request):
    #Retrieve data or whatever you need
    return render_to_pdf(
            'mytemplate.html',
            {
                'pagesize':'A4',
                'mylist': results,
            }
        )模板:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>My Title</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            @page {
                size: {{ pagesize }};
                margin: 1cm;
                @frame footer {
                    -pdf-frame-content: footerContent;
                    bottom: 0cm;
                    margin-left: 9cm;
                    margin-right: 9cm;
                    height: 1cm;
                }
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
            {% for item in mylist %}
                RENDER MY CONTENT
            {% endfor %}
        </div>
        <div id="footerContent">
            {%block page_foot%}
                Page <pdf:pagenumber>
            {%endblock%}
        </div>
    </body>
</html>希望能帮助到你。
回答 1
https://github.com/nigma/django-easy-pdf
模板:
{% extends "easy_pdf/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
    <div id="content">
        <h1>Hi there!</h1>
    </div>
{% endblock %}视图:
from easy_pdf.views import PDFTemplateView
class HelloPDFView(PDFTemplateView):
    template_name = "hello.html"如果要在Python 3上使用django-easy-pdf,请检查此处建议的解决方案。
回答 2
我只是为CBV打了个招。未在生产中使用,但会为我生成PDF。可能需要为错误报告方面的事情工作,但到目前为止仍能解决问题。
import StringIO
from cgi import escape
from xhtml2pdf import pisa
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template.response import TemplateResponse
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class PDFTemplateResponse(TemplateResponse):
    def generate_pdf(self, retval):
        html = self.content
        result = StringIO.StringIO()
        rendering = pisa.pisaDocument(StringIO.StringIO(html.encode("ISO-8859-1")), result)
        if rendering.err:
            return HttpResponse('We had some errors<pre>%s</pre>' % escape(html))
        else:
            self.content = result.getvalue()
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(PDFTemplateResponse, self).__init__(*args, mimetype='application/pdf', **kwargs)
        self.add_post_render_callback(self.generate_pdf)
class PDFTemplateView(TemplateView):
    response_class = PDFTemplateResponse像这样使用:
class MyPdfView(PDFTemplateView):
    template_name = 'things/pdf.html'回答 3
使用以下包装之一尝试wkhtmltopdf
django-wkhtmltopdf或python-pdfkit
这对我来说非常有效,支持javascript和css或webkit浏览器支持的任何功能。
有关更多详细的教程,请参见此博客文章。
回答 4
在尝试使它工作了许多小时之后,我终于找到了这个:https : //github.com/vierno/django-xhtml2pdf
这是https://github.com/chrisglass/django-xhtml2pdf的一个分支,它为基于类的通用视图提供了mixin。我这样使用它:
    # views.py
    from django_xhtml2pdf.views import PdfMixin
    class GroupPDFGenerate(PdfMixin, DetailView):
        model = PeerGroupSignIn
        template_name = 'groups/pdf.html'
    # templates/groups/pdf.html
    <html>
    <style>
    @page { your xhtml2pdf pisa PDF parameters }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="header_content"> (this is defined in the style section)
            <h1>{{ peergroupsignin.this_group_title }}</h1>
            ...填充模板字段时,请使用您在视图中定义的所有小写字母的模型名称。由于它是GCBV,因此您可以在urls.py中将其称为“ .as_view”:
    # urls.py (using url namespaces defined in the main urls.py file)
    url(
        regex=r"^(?P<pk>\d+)/generate_pdf/$",
        view=views.GroupPDFGenerate.as_view(),
        name="generate_pdf",
       ),回答 5
您可以使用iReport编辑器定义布局,并在jasper报表服务器中发布报表。发布后,您可以调用rest api以获取结果。
这是功能测试:
from django.test import TestCase
from x_reports_jasper.models import JasperServerClient
"""
    to try integraction with jasper server through rest
"""
class TestJasperServerClient(TestCase):
    # define required objects for tests
    def setUp(self):
        # load the connection to remote server
        try:
            self.j_url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/jasperserver"
            self.j_user = "jasperadmin"
            self.j_pass = "jasperadmin"
            self.client = JasperServerClient.create_client(self.j_url,self.j_user,self.j_pass)
        except Exception, e:
            # if errors could not execute test given prerrequisites
            raise
    # test exception when server data is invalid
    def test_login_to_invalid_address_should_raise(self):
        self.assertRaises(Exception,JasperServerClient.create_client, "http://127.0.0.1:9090/jasperserver",self.j_user,self.j_pass)
    # test execute existent report in server
    def test_get_report(self):
        r_resource_path = "/reports/<PathToPublishedReport>"
        r_format = "pdf"
        r_params = {'PARAM_TO_REPORT':"1",}
        #resource_meta = client.load_resource_metadata( rep_resource_path )
        [uuid,out_mime,out_data] = self.client.generate_report(r_resource_path,r_format,r_params)
        self.assertIsNotNone(uuid)这是调用实现的示例:
from django.db import models
import requests
import sys
from xml.etree import ElementTree
import logging 
# module logger definition
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Create your models here.
class JasperServerClient(models.Manager):
    def __handle_exception(self, exception_root, exception_id, exec_info ):
        type, value, traceback = exec_info
        raise JasperServerClientError(exception_root, exception_id), None, traceback
    # 01: REPORT-METADATA 
    #   get resource description to generate the report
    def __handle_report_metadata(self, rep_resourcepath):
        l_path_base_resource = "/rest/resource"
        l_path = self.j_url + l_path_base_resource
        logger.info( "metadata (begin) [path=%s%s]"  %( l_path ,rep_resourcepath) )
        resource_response = None
        try:
            resource_response = requests.get( "%s%s" %( l_path ,rep_resourcepath) , cookies = self.login_response.cookies)
        except Exception, e:
            self.__handle_exception(e, "REPORT_METADATA:CALL_ERROR", sys.exc_info())
        resource_response_dom = None
        try:
            # parse to dom and set parameters
            logger.debug( " - response [data=%s]"  %( resource_response.text) )
            resource_response_dom = ElementTree.fromstring(resource_response.text)
            datum = "" 
            for node in resource_response_dom.getiterator():
                datum = "%s<br />%s - %s" % (datum, node.tag, node.text)
            logger.debug( " - response [xml=%s]"  %( datum ) )
            #
            self.resource_response_payload= resource_response.text
            logger.info( "metadata (end) ")
        except Exception, e:
            logger.error( "metadata (error) [%s]" % (e))
            self.__handle_exception(e, "REPORT_METADATA:PARSE_ERROR", sys.exc_info())
    # 02: REPORT-PARAMS 
    def __add_report_params(self, metadata_text, params ):
        if(type(params) != dict):
            raise TypeError("Invalid parameters to report")
        else:
            logger.info( "add-params (begin) []" )
            #copy parameters
            l_params = {}
            for k,v in params.items():
                l_params[k]=v
            # get the payload metadata
            metadata_dom = ElementTree.fromstring(metadata_text)
            # add attributes to payload metadata
            root = metadata_dom #('report'):
            for k,v in l_params.items():
                param_dom_element = ElementTree.Element('parameter')
                param_dom_element.attrib["name"] = k
                param_dom_element.text = v
                root.append(param_dom_element)
            #
            metadata_modified_text =ElementTree.tostring(metadata_dom, encoding='utf8', method='xml')
            logger.info( "add-params (end) [payload-xml=%s]" %( metadata_modified_text )  )
            return metadata_modified_text
    # 03: REPORT-REQUEST-CALL 
    #   call to generate the report
    def __handle_report_request(self, rep_resourcepath, rep_format, rep_params):
        # add parameters
        self.resource_response_payload = self.__add_report_params(self.resource_response_payload,rep_params)
        # send report request
        l_path_base_genreport = "/rest/report"
        l_path = self.j_url + l_path_base_genreport
        logger.info( "report-request (begin) [path=%s%s]"  %( l_path ,rep_resourcepath) )
        genreport_response = None
        try:
            genreport_response = requests.put( "%s%s?RUN_OUTPUT_FORMAT=%s" %(l_path,rep_resourcepath,rep_format),data=self.resource_response_payload, cookies = self.login_response.cookies )
            logger.info( " - send-operation-result [value=%s]"  %( genreport_response.text) )
        except Exception,e:
            self.__handle_exception(e, "REPORT_REQUEST:CALL_ERROR", sys.exc_info())
        # parse the uuid of the requested report
        genreport_response_dom = None
        try:
            genreport_response_dom = ElementTree.fromstring(genreport_response.text)
            for node in genreport_response_dom.findall("uuid"):
                datum = "%s" % (node.text)
            genreport_uuid = datum      
            for node in genreport_response_dom.findall("file/[@type]"):
                datum = "%s" % (node.text)
            genreport_mime = datum
            logger.info( "report-request (end) [uuid=%s,mime=%s]"  %( genreport_uuid, genreport_mime) )
            return [genreport_uuid,genreport_mime]
        except Exception,e:
            self.__handle_exception(e, "REPORT_REQUEST:PARSE_ERROR", sys.exc_info())
    # 04: REPORT-RETRIEVE RESULTS 
    def __handle_report_reply(self, genreport_uuid ):
        l_path_base_getresult = "/rest/report"
        l_path = self.j_url + l_path_base_getresult 
        logger.info( "report-reply (begin) [uuid=%s,path=%s]"  %( genreport_uuid,l_path) )
        getresult_response = requests.get( "%s%s/%s?file=report" %(self.j_url,l_path_base_getresult,genreport_uuid),data=self.resource_response_payload, cookies = self.login_response.cookies )
        l_result_header_mime =getresult_response.headers['Content-Type']
        logger.info( "report-reply (end) [uuid=%s,mime=%s]"  %( genreport_uuid, l_result_header_mime) )
        return [l_result_header_mime, getresult_response.content]
    # public methods ---------------------------------------    
    # tries the authentication with jasperserver throug rest
    def login(self, j_url, j_user,j_pass):
        self.j_url= j_url
        l_path_base_auth = "/rest/login"
        l_path = self.j_url + l_path_base_auth
        logger.info( "login (begin) [path=%s]"  %( l_path) )
        try:
            self.login_response = requests.post(l_path , params = {
                    'j_username':j_user,
                    'j_password':j_pass
                })                  
            if( requests.codes.ok != self.login_response.status_code ):
                self.login_response.raise_for_status()
            logger.info( "login (end)" )
            return True
            # see http://blog.ianbicking.org/2007/09/12/re-raising-exceptions/
        except Exception, e:
            logger.error("login (error) [e=%s]" % e )
            self.__handle_exception(e, "LOGIN:CALL_ERROR",sys.exc_info())
            #raise
    def generate_report(self, rep_resourcepath,rep_format,rep_params):
        self.__handle_report_metadata(rep_resourcepath)
        [uuid,mime] = self.__handle_report_request(rep_resourcepath, rep_format,rep_params)
        # TODO: how to handle async?
        [out_mime,out_data] = self.__handle_report_reply(uuid)
        return [uuid,out_mime,out_data]
    @staticmethod
    def create_client(j_url, j_user, j_pass):
        client = JasperServerClient()
        login_res = client.login( j_url, j_user, j_pass )
        return client
class JasperServerClientError(Exception):
    def __init__(self,exception_root,reason_id,reason_message=None):
        super(JasperServerClientError, self).__init__(str(reason_message))
        self.code = reason_id 
        self.description = str(exception_root) + " " + str(reason_message)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.code + " " + self.description回答 6
我得到了从html模板生成PDF的代码:
    import os
    from weasyprint import HTML
    from django.template import Template, Context
    from django.http import HttpResponse 
    def generate_pdf(self, report_id):
            # Render HTML into memory and get the template firstly
            template_file_loc = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.pardir, 'templates', 'the_template_pdf_generator.html')
            template_contents = read_all_as_str(template_file_loc)
            render_template = Template(template_contents)
            #rendering_map is the dict for params in the template 
            render_definition = Context(rendering_map)
            render_output = render_template.render(render_definition)
            # Using Rendered HTML to generate PDF
            response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/pdf')
            response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=%s-%s-%s.pdf' % \
                                              ('topic-test','topic-test', '2018-05-04')
            # Generate PDF
            pdf_doc = HTML(string=render_output).render()
            pdf_doc.pages[0].height = pdf_doc.pages[0]._page_box.children[0].children[
                0].height  # Make PDF file as single page file 
            pdf_doc.write_pdf(response)
            return response
    def read_all_as_str(self, file_loc, read_method='r'):
        if file_exists(file_loc):
            handler = open(file_loc, read_method)
            contents = handler.read()
            handler.close()
            return contents
        else:
            return 'file not exist'  回答 7
如果您的html模板中包含上下文数据以及css和js。比使用pdfjs的选择更好。
在您的代码中,您可以像这样使用。
from django.template.loader import get_template
import pdfkit
from django.conf import settings
context={....}
template = get_template('reports/products.html')
html_string = template.render(context)
pdfkit.from_string(html_string, os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, "media", 'products_report-%s.pdf'%(id)))在您的HTML中,您可以链接外部或内部的CSS和js,它将生成最佳质量的pdf。

