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使用Python删除目录中的所有文件

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问题：使用Python删除目录中的所有文件
回答 0
回答 1
回答 2
回答 3
回答 4
回答 5
回答 6

问题：使用Python删除目录中的所有文件

我想删除目录中带有扩展名的所有文件.bak。如何在Python中做到这一点？

点击查看英文原文

I want to delete all files with the extension .bak in a directory. How can I do that in Python?

回答 0

通过os.listdir和os.remove：

import os

filelist = [ f for f in os.listdir(mydir) if f.endswith(".bak") ]
for f in filelist:
    os.remove(os.path.join(mydir, f))

或通过glob.glob：

import glob, os, os.path

filelist = glob.glob(os.path.join(mydir, "*.bak"))
for f in filelist:
    os.remove(f)

确保位于正确的目录中，并最终使用os.chdir。

点击查看英文原文

Via os.listdir and os.remove:

import os

filelist = [ f for f in os.listdir(mydir) if f.endswith(".bak") ]
for f in filelist:
    os.remove(os.path.join(mydir, f))

Using only a single loop:

for f in os.listdir(mydir):
    if not f.endswith(".bak"):
        continue
    os.remove(os.path.join(mydir, f))

Or via glob.glob:

import glob, os, os.path

filelist = glob.glob(os.path.join(mydir, "*.bak"))
for f in filelist:
    os.remove(f)

Be sure to be in the correct directory, eventually using os.chdir.

回答 1

使用os.chdir以更改目录。使用glob.glob以生成结束它“.bak的”文件名列表。列表的元素只是字符串。

然后，您可以os.unlink用来删除文件。（PS os.unlink和和os.remove是相同功能的同义词。）

#!/usr/bin/env python
import glob
import os
directory='/path/to/dir'
os.chdir(directory)
files=glob.glob('*.bak')
for filename in files:
    os.unlink(filename)
点击查看英文原文

Use os.chdir to change directory . Use glob.glob to generate a list of file names which end it ‘.bak’. The elements of the list are just strings.

Then you could use os.unlink to remove the files. (PS. os.unlink and os.remove are synonyms for the same function.)

#!/usr/bin/env python
import glob
import os
directory='/path/to/dir'
os.chdir(directory)
files=glob.glob('*.bak')
for filename in files:
    os.unlink(filename)

回答 2

在Python 3.5中，os.scandir如果需要检查文件属性或类型会更好-请参见os.DirEntry函数所返回对象的属性。

import os 

for file in os.scandir(path):
    if file.name.endswith(".bak"):
        os.unlink(file.path)

这也不需要更改目录，因为每个目录DirEntry都已包含文件的完整路径。

点击查看英文原文

In Python 3.5, os.scandir is better if you need to check for file attributes or type – see os.DirEntry for properties of the object that’s returned by the function. 

import os 

for file in os.scandir(path):
    if file.name.endswith(".bak"):
        os.unlink(file.path)

This also doesn’t require changing directories since each DirEntry already includes the full path to the file.

回答 3

您可以创建一个函数。根据需要添加maxdepth以遍历子目录。

def findNremove(path,pattern,maxdepth=1):
    cpath=path.count(os.sep)
    for r,d,f in os.walk(path):
        if r.count(os.sep) - cpath <maxdepth:
            for files in f:
                if files.endswith(pattern):
                    try:
                        print "Removing %s" % (os.path.join(r,files))
                        #os.remove(os.path.join(r,files))
                    except Exception,e:
                        print e
                    else:
                        print "%s removed" % (os.path.join(r,files))

path=os.path.join("/home","dir1","dir2")
findNremove(path,".bak")
点击查看英文原文

you can create a function. Add maxdepth as you like for traversing subdirectories.

def findNremove(path,pattern,maxdepth=1):
    cpath=path.count(os.sep)
    for r,d,f in os.walk(path):
        if r.count(os.sep) - cpath <maxdepth:
            for files in f:
                if files.endswith(pattern):
                    try:
                        print "Removing %s" % (os.path.join(r,files))
                        #os.remove(os.path.join(r,files))
                    except Exception,e:
                        print e
                    else:
                        print "%s removed" % (os.path.join(r,files))

path=os.path.join("/home","dir1","dir2")
findNremove(path,".bak")

回答 4

首先glob的他们，然后断开链接。

点击查看英文原文

First glob them, then unlink.

回答 5

在Linux和macOS上，您可以对shell运行简单的命令：

subprocess.run('rm /tmp/*.bak', shell=True)
点击查看英文原文

On Linux and macOS you can run simple command to the shell:

subprocess.run('rm /tmp/*.bak', shell=True)

回答 6

我意识到这很老了；但是，这将是仅使用os模块的方法…

def purgedir(parent):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(parent):                                      
        for item in files:
            # Delete subordinate files                                                 
            filespec = os.path.join(root, item)
            if filespec.endswith('.bak'):
                os.unlink(filespec)
        for item in dirs:
            # Recursively perform this operation for subordinate directories   
            purgedir(os.path.join(root, item))
点击查看英文原文

I realize this is old; however, here would be how to do so using just the os module…

def purgedir(parent):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(parent):                                      
        for item in files:
            # Delete subordinate files                                                 
            filespec = os.path.join(root, item)
            if filespec.endswith('.bak'):
                os.unlink(filespec)
        for item in dirs:
            # Recursively perform this operation for subordinate directories   
            purgedir(os.path.join(root, item))