问题：如何在Python的绘图上绘制网格？[关闭]
我刚刚完成编写代码以在python中使用pylab进行绘图，现在我想将10×10的网格叠加到散点图上。我怎么做？
我当前的代码如下：
x = numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.05)
y = numpy.power(x, 2)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca()
ax.set_xticks(numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.1))
ax.set_yticks(numpy.arange(0, 1., 0.1))
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.show()其输出为：
我想要的是以下输出：
编辑：添加了一个例子，基于安德烈·索博列夫的答案
I just finished writing code to make a plot using pylab in Python and now I would like to superimpose a grid of 10×10 onto the scatter plot. How do I do that?
My current code is the following:
x = numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.05)
y = numpy.power(x, 2)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca()
ax.set_xticks(numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.1))
ax.set_yticks(numpy.arange(0, 1., 0.1))
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.show()
And its output is:
What I would like is the following output:
EDIT: Added an exemple, based on Andrey Sobolev’s answer
回答 0
您要使用pyplot.grid：
x = numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.05)
y = numpy.power(x, 2)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca()
ax.set_xticks(numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.1))
ax.set_yticks(numpy.arange(0, 1., 0.1))
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.grid()
plt.show()ax.xaxis.grid并ax.yaxis.grid可以控制网格线属性。
You want to use pyplot.grid:
x = numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.05)
y = numpy.power(x, 2)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca()
ax.set_xticks(numpy.arange(0, 1, 0.1))
ax.set_yticks(numpy.arange(0, 1., 0.1))
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.grid()
plt.show()
ax.xaxis.grid and ax.yaxis.grid can control grid lines properties.
回答 1
要在每个刻度上显示一条网格线，请添加
plt.grid(True)例如：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
points = [
(0, 10),
(10, 20),
(20, 40),
(60, 100),
]
x = list(map(lambda x: x[0], points))
y = list(map(lambda x: x[1], points))
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
另外，您可能想要自定义样式（例如，实线而不是虚线），请添加：
plt.rc('grid', linestyle="-", color='black')例如：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
points = [
(0, 10),
(10, 20),
(20, 40),
(60, 100),
]
x = list(map(lambda x: x[0], points))
y = list(map(lambda x: x[1], points))
plt.rc('grid', linestyle="-", color='black')
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
To show a grid line on every tick, add
plt.grid(True)
For example:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
points = [
(0, 10),
(10, 20),
(20, 40),
(60, 100),
]
x = list(map(lambda x: x[0], points))
y = list(map(lambda x: x[1], points))
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
In addition, you might want to customize the styling (e.g. solid line instead of dashed line), add:
plt.rc('grid', linestyle="-", color='black')
For example:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
points = [
(0, 10),
(10, 20),
(20, 40),
(60, 100),
]
x = list(map(lambda x: x[0], points))
y = list(map(lambda x: x[1], points))
plt.rc('grid', linestyle="-", color='black')
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.grid(True)
plt.show()
回答 2
使用rcParams可以很容易地显示网格，如下所示
plt.rcParams['axes.facecolor'] = 'white'
plt.rcParams['axes.edgecolor'] = 'white'
plt.rcParams['axes.grid'] = True
plt.rcParams['grid.alpha'] = 1
plt.rcParams['grid.color'] = "#cccccc"如果更改这些参数后网格仍未显示，请使用
plt.grid(True)打电话之前
plt.show()回答 3
该pylab例子页面是一个非常有用的来源。与您的问题有关的示例：
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/mpl_examples/pylab_examples/scatter_demo2.py http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/users/screenshots.html#scatter-demo
回答 4
这是一个小示例，说明如何使用Python 2在Gtk3中添加matplotlib网格（不适用于Python 3）：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk3agg import FigureCanvasGTK3Agg as FigureCanvas
win = Gtk.Window()
win.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
win.set_title("Embedding in GTK3")
f = Figure(figsize=(1, 1), dpi=100)
ax = f.add_subplot(111)
ax.grid()
canvas = FigureCanvas(f)
canvas.set_size_request(400, 400)
win.add(canvas)
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()
Here is a small example how to add a matplotlib grid in Gtk3 with Python 2 (not working in Python 3):
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk3agg import FigureCanvasGTK3Agg as FigureCanvas
win = Gtk.Window()
win.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
win.set_title("Embedding in GTK3")
f = Figure(figsize=(1, 1), dpi=100)
ax = f.add_subplot(111)
ax.grid()
canvas = FigureCanvas(f)
canvas.set_size_request(400, 400)
win.add(canvas)
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()
