TypeError:无法散列的类型:’dict’

问题:TypeError:无法散列的类型:’dict’

这段代码给我一个错误unhashable type: dict,任何人都可以向我解释解决方案

negids = movie_reviews.fileids('neg')
def word_feats(words):
    return dict([(word, True) for word in words])

negfeats = [(word_feats(movie_reviews.words(fileids=[f])), 'neg') for f in negids]
stopset = set(stopwords.words('english'))

def stopword_filtered_word_feats(words):
    return dict([(word, True) for word in words if word not in stopset])

result=stopword_filtered_word_feats(negfeats)

This piece of code is giving me an error unhashable type: dict can anyone explain me what is the solution

negids = movie_reviews.fileids('neg')
def word_feats(words):
    return dict([(word, True) for word in words])

negfeats = [(word_feats(movie_reviews.words(fileids=[f])), 'neg') for f in negids]
stopset = set(stopwords.words('english'))

def stopword_filtered_word_feats(words):
    return dict([(word, True) for word in words if word not in stopset])

result=stopword_filtered_word_feats(negfeats)

回答 0

您正在尝试将a dict用作另一个dict或in的键set。那是行不通的,因为密钥必须是可哈希的。通常,只有不可变的对象(字符串,整数,浮点数,frozensets,不可变的元组)才是可哈希化的(尽管可能有exceptions)。因此,这不起作用:

>>> dict_key = {"a": "b"}
>>> some_dict[dict_key] = True
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict'

要将字典用作键,您需要将其转换为可能首先进行哈希处理的东西。如果要用作键的字典仅由不可变值组成,则可以像这样创建可散列的表示形式:

>>> key = frozenset(dict_key.items())

现在,您可以keydict或中用作键set

>>> some_dict[key] = True
>>> some_dict
{frozenset([('a', 'b')]): True}

当然,每当要使用字典查找某些内容时,都需要重复练习:

>>> some_dict[dict_key]                     # Doesn't work
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict'
>>> some_dict[frozenset(dict_key.items())]  # Works
True

如果dict您希望用作键的值本身就是字典和/或列表,则需要递归“冻结”预期键。这是一个起点:

def freeze(d):
    if isinstance(d, dict):
        return frozenset((key, freeze(value)) for key, value in d.items())
    elif isinstance(d, list):
        return tuple(freeze(value) for value in d)
    return d

You’re trying to use a dict as a key to another dict or in a set. That does not work because the keys have to be hashable. As a general rule, only immutable objects (strings, integers, floats, frozensets, tuples of immutables) are hashable (though exceptions are possible). So this does not work:

>>> dict_key = {"a": "b"}
>>> some_dict[dict_key] = True
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict'

To use a dict as a key you need to turn it into something that may be hashed first. If the dict you wish to use as key consists of only immutable values, you can create a hashable representation of it like this:

>>> key = frozenset(dict_key.items())

Now you may use key as a key in a dict or set:

>>> some_dict[key] = True
>>> some_dict
{frozenset([('a', 'b')]): True}

Of course you need to repeat the exercise whenever you want to look up something using a dict:

>>> some_dict[dict_key]                     # Doesn't work
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict'
>>> some_dict[frozenset(dict_key.items())]  # Works
True

If the dict you wish to use as key has values that are themselves dicts and/or lists, you need to recursively “freeze” the prospective key. Here’s a starting point:

def freeze(d):
    if isinstance(d, dict):
        return frozenset((key, freeze(value)) for key, value in d.items())
    elif isinstance(d, list):
        return tuple(freeze(value) for value in d)
    return d

回答 1

一个可能的解决方案可能是使用JSON dumps()方法,因此您可以将字典转换为字符串-

import json

a={"a":10, "b":20}
b={"b":20, "a":10}
c = [json.dumps(a), json.dumps(b)]


set(c)
json.dumps(a) in c

输出-

set(['{"a": 10, "b": 20}'])
True

A possible solution might be to use the JSON dumps() method, so you can convert the dictionary to a string —

import json

a={"a":10, "b":20}
b={"b":20, "a":10}
c = [json.dumps(a), json.dumps(b)]


set(c)
json.dumps(a) in c

Output –

set(['{"a": 10, "b": 20}'])
True