If I want to use the pip command to download a package (and its dependencies), but keep all of the zipped files that get downloaded (say, django-socialregistration.tar.gz) – is there a way to do that?

I’ve tried various command-line options, but it always seems to unpack and delete the zipfile – or it gets the zipfile, but only for the original package, not the dependencies.

pip install --download is deprecated. Starting from version 8.0.0 you should use pip download command:

 pip download <package-name>

The --download-cache option should do what you want:

pip install --download-cache="/pth/to/downloaded/files" package

However, when I tested this, the main package downloaded, saved and installed ok, but the the dependencies were saved with their full url path as the name – a bit annoying, but all the tar.gz files were there.

The --download option downloads the main package and its dependencies and does not install any of them. (Note that prior to version 1.1 the --download option did not download dependencies.)

pip install package --download="/pth/to/downloaded/files"

The pip documentation outlines using --download for fast & local installs.

I always do this to download the packages:

pip install --download /path/to/download/to_packagename

OR

pip install --download=/path/to/packages/downloaded -r requirements.txt

And when I want to install all of those libraries I just downloaded, I do this:

pip install --no-index --find-links="/path/to/downloaded/dependencies" packagename

OR

pip install --no-index --find-links="/path/to/downloaded/packages" -r requirements.txt

Update

Also, to get all the packages installed on one system, you can export them all to requirement.txt that will be used to intall them on another system, we do this:

pip freeze > requirement.txt

Then, the requirement.txt can be used as above for download, or do this to install them from requirement.txt:

pip install -r requirement.txt

REFERENCE: pip installer

In version 7.1.2 pip downloads the wheel of a package (if available) with the following:

pip install package -d /path/to/downloaded/file

The following downloads a source distribution:

pip install package -d /path/to/downloaded/file --no-binary :all:

These download the dependencies as well, if pip is aware of them (e.g., if pip show package lists them).

Update

As noted by Anton Khodak, pip download command is preferred since version 8. In the above examples this means that /path/to/downloaded/file needs to be given with option -d, so replacing install with download works.

Use pip download <package1 package2 package n> to download all the packages including dependencies

Use pip install --no-index --find-links . <package1 package2 package n> to install all the packages including dependencies. It gets all the files from CWD. It will not download anything

pip wheel is another option you should consider:

pip wheel mypackage -w .\outputdir

It will download packages and their dependencies to a directory (current working directory by default), but it performs the additional step of converting any source packages to wheels.

It conveniently supports requirements files:

pip wheel -r requirements.txt -w .\outputdir

Add the --no-deps argument if you only want the specifically requested packages:

pip wheel mypackage -w .\outputdir --no-deps

I would prefer (RHEL) – pip download package==version --no-deps --no-binary=:all:

installing python packages offline

For windows users:

To download into a file open your cmd and folow this:

cd <*the file-path where you want to save it*>

pip download <*package name*>

the package and the dependencies will be downloaded in the current working directory.

To install from the current working directory:

set your folder where you downloaded as the cwd then follow these:

pip install <*the package name which is downloded as .whl*> --no-index --find-links <*the file locaation where the files are downloaded*>

this will search for dependencies in that location.

How can you programmatically get a Python package’s list of dependencies?

The standard setup.py has these documented, but I can’t find an easy way to access it from either Python or the command line.

Ideally, I’m looking for something like:

$ pip install somepackage --only-list-deps
kombu>=3.0.8
billiard>=3.3.0.13
boto>=2.26

or:

>>> import package_deps
>>> package = package_deps.find('somepackage')
>>> print package.dependencies
['kombu>=3.0.8', 'billiard>=3.3.0.13', 'boto>=2.26']

Note, I’m not talking about importing a package and finding all referenced modules. While this might find most of the dependent packages, it wouldn’t be able to find the minimum version number required. That’s only stored in the setup.py.

In addition to the pip show [package name] command, there is pipdeptree.

Just do

$ pip install pipdeptree

then run

$ pipdeptree

and it will show you your dependencies in a tree form, e.g.,

flake8==2.5.0
  - mccabe [required: >=0.2.1,<0.4, installed: 0.3.1]
  - pep8 [required: !=1.6.0,>=1.5.7,!=1.6.1,!=1.6.2, installed: 1.5.7]
  - pyflakes [required: >=0.8.1,<1.1, installed: 1.0.0]
ipdb==0.8
  - ipython [required: >=0.10, installed: 1.1.0]

The project is located at https://github.com/naiquevin/pipdeptree, where you will also find usage information.

Try to use show command in pip, for example:

$ pip show tornado
---
Name: tornado
Version: 4.1
Location: *****
Requires: certifi, backports.ssl-match-hostname

Update (retrieve deps with specified version):

from pip._vendor import pkg_resources


_package_name = 'somepackage'
_package = pkg_resources.working_set.by_key[_package_name]

print([str(r) for r in _package.requires()])  # retrieve deps from setup.py

Output: ['kombu>=3.0.8', 
         'billiard>=3.3.0.13', 
         'boto>=2.26']

Quite a few answers here show pip being imported for use in programs. The documentation for pip strongly advises against this usage of pip.

Instead of accessing pkg_resources via the pip import, you can actually just import pkg_resources directly and use the same logic (which is actually one of the suggested solutions in the pip docs linked for anyone wanting to see package meta information programmatically) .

import pkg_resources

_package_name = 'yourpackagename'

def get_dependencies_with_semver_string():
    package = pkg_resources.working_set.by_key[_package_name]
    return [str(r) for r in package.requires()]

If you’re having some trouble finding out exactly what your package name is, the WorkingSet instance returned by pkg_resources.working_set implements __iter__ so you can print all of them and hopefully spot yours in there :)

i.e.

import pkg_resources

def print_all_in_working_set():
    ws = pkg_resources.working_set
    for package_name in ws:
        print(ws)

This works with both python 2 and 3 (though you’ll need to adjust the print statements for python2)

(THIS IS A LEGACY ANSWER AND SHOULD BE AVOIDED FOR MODERN PIP VERSIONS AND LEFT HERE FOR REFERENCE TO OLDER PIP VERSIONS ) Alex’s answer is good (+1). In python:

pip._vendor.pkg_resources.working_set.by_key['twisted'].requires()

should return something like

[Requirement.parse('zope.interface>=3.6.0')]

where twisted is the name of the package, which you can find in the dictionary :

pip._vendor.pkg_resources.WorkingSet().entry_keys

to list them all:

dict = pip._vendor.pkg_resources.WorkingSet().entry_keys
for key in dict:
    for name in dict[key]:
        req =pip._vendor.pkg_resources.working_set.by_key[name].requires()
        print('pkg {} from {} requires {}'.format(name,
                                                  key,
                                                  req))

should give you lists like this:

pkg pyobjc-framework-syncservices from /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/PyObjC requires [Requirement.parse('pyobjc-core>=2.5.1'), Requirement.parse('pyobjc-framework-Cocoa>=2.5.1'), Requirement.parse('pyobjc-framework-CoreData>=2.5.1')]

Use https://libraries.io/. It is a good place to explore dependencies before installing using pip.

Eg. Type google-cloud-storage and search, then you can find the page for the library (https://libraries.io/rubygems/google-cloud-storage). Select the version for which you want to explore the dependencies from the ‘Releases’ (default is the latest), Under ‘Dependencies’ you can find the dependency list and their supported versions.

Try this according to this article in python:

import pip 
installed_packages = pip.get_installed_distributions()
installed_packages_list = sorted(["%s==%s" % (i.key, i.version)
     for i in installed_packages]) 
print(installed_packages_list)

It will show like:

['behave==1.2.4', 'enum34==1.0', 'flask==0.10.1', 'itsdangerous==0.24', 
 'jinja2==2.7.2', 'jsonschema==2.3.0', 'markupsafe==0.23', 'nose==1.3.3', 
 'parse-type==0.3.4', 'parse==1.6.4', 'prettytable==0.7.2', 'requests==2.3.0',
 'six==1.6.1', 'vioozer-metadata==0.1', 'vioozer-users-server==0.1', 
 'werkzeug==0.9.4']

I am trying to install flake8 package using pip3 and it seems that it refuses to install because is already installed in one local location.

How can I force it to install globally (system level)?

pip3 install flake8
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): flake8 in ./.local/lib/python3.4/site-packages

Please note that I would prefer a generic solution (that should work on Debian, OS X maybe even Windows), one that should be used on any platform so I don’t want to specify the destination myself.

For some weird reason it behaves like I already specified --user which in my case I didn’t.

The only way I was able to install a package globally was to first remove it and install it again after this. Somehow it seems that pip (8.1.1) refuses to install a package globally if it exists locally.

Disclaimer: No virtual environments were used or harmed during the experiments.

Why don’t you try sudo with the H flag? This should do the trick.

sudo -H pip install flake8

A regular sudo pip install flake8 will try to use your own home directory. The -H instructs it to use the system’s home directory. More info at https://stackoverflow.com/a/43623102/

Maybe --force-reinstall would work, otherwise --ignore-installed should do the trick.

Are you using virtualenv? If yes, deactivate the virtualenv. If you are not using, it is already installed widely (system level). Try to upgrade package.

pip install flake8 --upgrade

I actually don‘t see your issue. Globally is any package which is in your python3 path‘s site package folder.

If you want to use it just locally then you must configure a virtualenv and reinstall the packages with an activated virtual environment.

Where does pip installations happen in python?

I will give a windows solution which I was facing and took a while to solve.

First of all, in windows (I will be taking Windows as the OS here), if you do pip install <package_name>, it will be by default installed globally (if you have not activated a virtual enviroment). Once you activate a virtual enviroment and you are inside it, all pip installations will be inside that virtual enviroment.

pip is installing the said packages but not I cannot use them?

For this pip might be giving you a warning that the pip executables like pip3.exe, pip.exe are not on your path variable. For this you might add this path ( usually – C:\Users\<your_username>\AppData\Roaming\Programs\Python\ ) to your enviromental variables. After this restart your cmd, and now try to use your installed python package. It should work now.

Without going through with the installation, I want to quickly see all the packages that pip install would install.

The accepted answer is no longer relevant for more current versions of pip and does not give an immediate answer without perusing multiple comments so I am providing an updated answer.

This was tested with pip versions 8.1.2, 9.0.1, 10.0.1, and 18.1.

To get the output without cluttering your current directory on Linux use

pip download [package] -d /tmp --no-binary :all: -v

-d tells pip the directory that download should put files in.

Better, just use this script with the argument being the package name to get only the dependencies as output:

#!/bin/sh

PACKAGE=$1
pip download $PACKAGE -d /tmp --no-binary :all:-v 2>&1 \
| grep Collecting \
| cut -d' ' -f2 \
| grep -Ev "$PACKAGE(~|=|\!|>|<|$)"

Also available here.

Check out my project johnnydep!

Installation:

pip install johnnydep

Usage example:

$ johnnydep requests
name                       summary
-------------------------  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
requests                   Python HTTP for Humans.
├── certifi>=2017.4.17     Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle.
├── chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2  Universal encoding detector for Python 2 and 3
├── idna<2.7,>=2.5         Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)
└── urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1  HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post, and more.

A more complex tree:

$ johnnydep ipython 
name                              summary
--------------------------------  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ipython                           IPython: Productive Interactive Computing
├── appnope                       Disable App Nap on OS X 10.9
├── decorator                     Better living through Python with decorators
├── jedi>=0.10                    An autocompletion tool for Python that can be used for text editors.
│   └── parso==0.1.1              A Python Parser
├── pexpect                       Pexpect allows easy control of interactive console applications.
│   └── ptyprocess>=0.5           Run a subprocess in a pseudo terminal
├── pickleshare                   Tiny 'shelve'-like database with concurrency support
├── prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4  Library for building powerful interactive command lines in Python
│   ├── six>=1.9.0                Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities
│   └── wcwidth                   Measures number of Terminal column cells of wide-character codes
├── pygments                      Pygments is a syntax highlighting package written in Python.
├── setuptools>=18.5              Easily download, build, install, upgrade, and uninstall Python packages
├── simplegeneric>0.8             Simple generic functions (similar to Python's own len(), pickle.dump(), etc.)
└── traitlets>=4.2                Traitlets Python config system
    ├── decorator                 Better living through Python with decorators
    ├── ipython-genutils          Vestigial utilities from IPython
    └── six                       Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities

If and only if the package is install, you can use pip show <package>. Look for the Requires: filed at the end of the output. Clearly, this breaks your requirement but might be useful nonetheless.

For example:

$ pip --version
pip 7.1.0 [...]
$ pip show pytest
---
Metadata-Version: 2.0
Name: pytest
Version: 2.7.2
Summary: pytest: simple powerful testing with Python
Home-page: http://pytest.org
Author: Holger Krekel, Benjamin Peterson, Ronny Pfannschmidt, Floris Bruynooghe and others
Author-email: holger at merlinux.eu
License: MIT license
Location: /home/usr/.tox/develop/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requires: py

Note: the feature used in this answer was deprecated in 2014 and removed in 2015. Please see other answers that apply to modern pip.

The closest you can get with pip directly is by using the --no-install argument:

pip install --no-install <package>

For example, this is the output when installing celery:

Downloading/unpacking celery                                                                                   
  Downloading celery-2.5.5.tar.gz (945Kb): 945Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package celery

    no previously-included directories found matching 'tests/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'contrib/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'celery/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'examples/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'bin/*.pyc'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/.build'
    no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/graffles'
    no previously-included directories found matching '.tox/*'
Downloading/unpacking anyjson>=0.3.1 (from celery)
  Downloading anyjson-0.3.3.tar.gz
  Running setup.py egg_info for package anyjson

Downloading/unpacking kombu>=2.1.8,<2.2.0 (from celery)
  Downloading kombu-2.1.8.tar.gz (273Kb): 273Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package kombu

Downloading/unpacking python-dateutil>=1.5,<2.0 (from celery)
  Downloading python-dateutil-1.5.tar.gz (233Kb): 233Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package python-dateutil

Downloading/unpacking amqplib>=1.0 (from kombu>=2.1.8,<2.2.0->celery)
  Downloading amqplib-1.0.2.tgz (58Kb): 58Kb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package amqplib

Successfully downloaded celery anyjson kombu python-dateutil amqplib

Admittedly, this does leave some cruft around in the form of temporary files, but it does accomplish the goal. If you’re doing this with virtualenv (which you should be), the cleanup is as easy as removing the <virtualenv root>/build directory.

The command pip install <package> --download <path> should be used, as mentioned in comments by @radtek, since as of 7.0.0 (2015-05-21), –no-install is removed from pip. This will download the dependencies needed into <path>.

Another option is to use a helper script similar to this one which uses the pip.req.parse_requirements API to parse requirements.txt files and a distutils.core.setup replacement to parse setup.py files.

I quote an alternative solution from @onnovalkering:

PyPi provides a JSON endpoint with package metadata:

>>> import requests
>>> url = 'https://pypi.org/pypi/{}/json'
>>> json = requests.get(url.format('pandas')).json()
>>> json['info']['requires_dist']
['numpy (>=1.9.0)', 'pytz (>=2011k)', 'python-dateutil (>=2.5.0)']
>>> json['info']['requires_python']
'>=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*,!=3.4.*'

For a specific package version, add an additional version segment to the URL:

https://pypi.org/pypi/pandas/0.22.0/json

Also if you are using conda (as suggested by @ShpielMeister), you can use:

conda info package==X.X.X

to display information, including dependencies for a particular version or:

conda info package

to display information, including dependencies about all supported versions of that package.

Which shell command gives me the actual version of pip I am using?

pip gives with pip show all version of modules that are installed but excludes itself.

You can do this:

pip -V

or:

pip --version

Just for completeness:

pip -V

pip --version

pip list and inside the list you’ll find also pip with its version.

For windows:

import pip

help(pip) 

shows the version at the end of the help file.

For windows just type:

python -m pip --version

On RHEL “pip -V” works :

$ pip -V
pip 6.1.1 from /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages (python 2.6)

Any of the following should work

pip --version
# pip 19.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip (python 2.7)

or

pip -V       
# pip 19.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip (python 2.7)

or

pip3 -V      
# pip 19.0.3 from /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)

Many people use both 2.X and 3.X python. You can use pip -V to show default pip version.
If you have many python versions, and you want to install some packages through different pip, I advise this way:

sudo python2.X -m pip install some-package==0.16

Start Python and type import pip pip.__version__ which works for all python packages.

For Windows machine go to command prompt and type.

pip -V 

check two things

pip2 --version   

and

pip3 --version

because the default pip may be anyone of this so it is always better to check both.

First, open a command prompt After type a bellow commands.

check a version itself Easily :

Form Windows:

pip installation :

pip install pip

pip Version check:

pip --version 

`pip -v` or `pip --v` 

However note, if you are using macos catelina which has the zsh (z shell) it might give you a whole bunch of things, so the best option is to try install the version or start as -- pip3

What is the way to update a package using pip? those do not work:

pip update
pip upgrade

I know this is a simple question but it is needed as it is not so easy to find (pip documentation doesn’t pop up and other questions from stack overflow are relevant but are not exactly about that)

The way is

pip install [package_name] --upgrade

or in short

pip install [package_name] -U

Using sudo will ask to enter your root password to confirm the action, but although common, is considered unsafe.

If you do not have a root password (if you are not the admin) you should probably work with virtualenv.

You can also use the user flag to install it on this user only.

pip install [package_name] --upgrade --user

For a non-specific package and a more general solution you can check out pip-review, a tool that checks what packages could/should be updated.

$ pip-review --interactive
requests==0.14.0 is available (you have 0.13.2)
Upgrade now? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [Q]uit y

tl;dr script to update all installed packages

If you only want to upgrade one package, refer to @borgr’s answer. I often find it necessary, or at least pleasing, to upgrade all my packages at once. Currently, pip doesn’t natively support that action, but with sh scripting it is simple enough. You use pip list, awk (or cut and tail), and command substitution. My normal one-liner is:

for i in $(pip list -o | awk 'NR > 2 {print $1}'); do sudo pip install -U $i; done

This will ask for the root password. If you do not have access to that, the --user option of pip or virtualenv may be something to look into.

import subprocess as sbp
import pip
pkgs = eval(str(sbp.run("pip3 list -o --format=json", shell=True,
                         stdout=sbp.PIPE).stdout, encoding='utf-8'))
for pkg in pkgs:
    sbp.run("pip3 install --upgrade " + pkg['name'], shell=True)

Save as xx.py
Then run Python3 xx.py
Environment: python3.5+ pip10.0+

To upgrade pip for Python3.4+, you must use pip3 as follows:

sudo pip3 install pip --upgrade

This will upgrade pip located at: /usr/local/lib/python3.X/dist-packages

Otherwise, to upgrade pip for Python2.7, you would use pip as follows:

sudo pip install pip --upgrade

This will upgrade pip located at: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages