问题：如何用逗号将数字打印为千位分隔符？
我正在尝试在Python 2.6.1中打印一个整数，并以逗号作为千位分隔符。例如，我要将数字显示1234567为1,234,567。我将如何去做呢？我在Google上看到了很多示例，但我正在寻找最简单的实用方法。
在句点和逗号之间进行决定不需要特定于区域设置。我希望尽可能简单一些。
I am trying to print an integer in Python 2.6.1 with commas as thousands separators. For example, I want to show the number 1234567 as 1,234,567. How would I go about doing this? I have seen many examples on Google, but I am looking for the simplest practical way.
It does not need to be locale-specific to decide between periods and commas. I would prefer something as simple as reasonably possible.
回答 0
不知道语言环境
'{:,}'.format(value) # For Python ≥2.7
f'{value:,}' # For Python ≥3.6
区域感知
import locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '') # Use '' for auto, or force e.g. to 'en_US.UTF-8'
'{:n}'.format(value) # For Python ≥2.7
f'{value:n}' # For Python ≥3.6
参考
每种格式规格的迷你语言，
该','选项表示千位分隔符使用逗号。对于可识别语言环境的分隔符，请改用'n'整数表示类型。
Locale unaware
'{:,}'.format(value) # For Python ≥2.7
f'{value:,}' # For Python ≥3.6
Locale aware
import locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '') # Use '' for auto, or force e.g. to 'en_US.UTF-8'
'{:n}'.format(value) # For Python ≥2.7
f'{value:n}' # For Python ≥3.6
Reference
Per Format Specification Mini-Language,
The ',' option signals the use of a comma for a thousands separator. For a locale aware separator, use the 'n' integer presentation type instead.
回答 1
我得到这个工作：
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'en_US')
'en_US'
>>> locale.format("%d", 1255000, grouping=True)
'1,255,000'
当然，您不需要国际化支持，但它清晰，简洁并且使用内置库。
PS“％d”是通常的％样式格式化程序。您只能有一个格式化程序，但是就字段宽度和精度设置而言，它可以是您所需的任何格式。
PPS如果您无法locale上班，建议您修改Mark的答案：
def intWithCommas(x):
if type(x) not in [type(0), type(0L)]:
raise TypeError("Parameter must be an integer.")
if x < 0:
return '-' + intWithCommas(-x)
result = ''
while x >= 1000:
x, r = divmod(x, 1000)
result = ",%03d%s" % (r, result)
return "%d%s" % (x, result)
递归对于否定情况很有用，但是每个逗号一次递归对我来说似乎有点多余。
I got this to work:
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'en_US')
'en_US'
>>> locale.format("%d", 1255000, grouping=True)
'1,255,000'
Sure, you don’t need internationalization support, but it’s clear, concise, and uses a built-in library.
P.S. That “%d” is the usual %-style formatter. You can have only one formatter, but it can be whatever you need in terms of field width and precision settings.
P.P.S. If you can’t get locale to work, I’d suggest a modified version of Mark’s answer:
def intWithCommas(x):
if type(x) not in [type(0), type(0L)]:
raise TypeError("Parameter must be an integer.")
if x < 0:
return '-' + intWithCommas(-x)
result = ''
while x >= 1000:
x, r = divmod(x, 1000)
result = ",%03d%s" % (r, result)
return "%d%s" % (x, result)
Recursion is useful for the negative case, but one recursion per comma seems a bit excessive to me.
回答 2
由于效率低下和可读性差，很难克服：
>>> import itertools
>>> s = '-1234567'
>>> ','.join(["%s%s%s" % (x[0], x[1] or '', x[2] or '') for x in itertools.izip_longest(s[::-1][::3], s[::-1][1::3], s[::-1][2::3])])[::-1].replace('-,','-')
For inefficiency and unreadability it’s hard to beat:
>>> import itertools
>>> s = '-1234567'
>>> ','.join(["%s%s%s" % (x[0], x[1] or '', x[2] or '') for x in itertools.izip_longest(s[::-1][::3], s[::-1][1::3], s[::-1][2::3])])[::-1].replace('-,','-')
回答 3
在删除无关部分并对其进行一些清理之后，这是区域设置代码：
（以下仅适用于整数）
def group(number):
s = '%d' % number
groups = []
while s and s[-1].isdigit():
groups.append(s[-3:])
s = s[:-3]
return s + ','.join(reversed(groups))
>>> group(-23432432434.34)
'-23,432,432,434'
这里已经有一些不错的答案。我只想添加此内容以供将来参考。在python 2.7中，将有一个用于千位分隔符的格式说明符。根据python文档，它像这样工作
>>> '{:20,.2f}'.format(f)
'18,446,744,073,709,551,616.00'
在python3.1中，您可以执行以下操作：
>>> format(1234567, ',d')
'1,234,567'
Here is the locale grouping code after removing irrelevant parts and cleaning it up a little:
(The following only works for integers)
def group(number):
s = '%d' % number
groups = []
while s and s[-1].isdigit():
groups.append(s[-3:])
s = s[:-3]
return s + ','.join(reversed(groups))
>>> group(-23432432434.34)
'-23,432,432,434'
There are already some good answers in here. I just want to add this for future reference. In python 2.7 there is going to be a format specifier for thousands separator. According to python docs it works like this
>>> '{:20,.2f}'.format(f)
'18,446,744,073,709,551,616.00'
In python3.1 you can do the same thing like this:
>>> format(1234567, ',d')
'1,234,567'
回答 4
令我惊讶的是，没有人提到您可以在Python 3.6中使用f字符串做到这一点，就像这样简单：
>>> num = 10000000
>>> print(f"{num:,}")
10,000,000
…冒号后面的部分是格式说明符。逗号是所需的分隔符，因此请f"{num:_}"使用下划线而不是逗号。
这等效于format(num, ",")用于旧版本的python 3。
I’m surprised that no one has mentioned that you can do this with f-strings in Python 3.6 as easy as this:
>>> num = 10000000
>>> print(f"{num:,}")
10,000,000
… where the part after the colon is the format specifier. The comma is the separator character you want, so f"{num:_}" uses underscores instead of a comma.
This is equivalent of using format(num, ",") for older versions of python 3.
回答 5
这是单行正则表达式替换：
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%d" % val)
仅适用于非正式输出：
import re
val = 1234567890
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%d" % val)
# Returns: '1,234,567,890'
val = 1234567890.1234567890
# Returns: '1,234,567,890'
或对于少于4位数字的浮点数，将格式说明符更改为%.3f：
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%.3f" % val)
# Returns: '1,234,567,890.123'
注意：超过三位的小数位数无法正常工作，因为它将尝试对小数部分进行分组：
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%.5f" % val)
# Returns: '1,234,567,890.12,346'
怎么运行的
让我们分解一下：
re.sub(pattern, repl, string)
pattern = \
"(\d) # Find one digit...
(?= # that is followed by...
(\d{3})+ # one or more groups of three digits...
(?!\d) # which are not followed by any more digits.
)",
repl = \
r"\1,", # Replace that one digit by itself, followed by a comma,
# and continue looking for more matches later in the string.
# (re.sub() replaces all matches it finds in the input)
string = \
"%d" % val # Format the string as a decimal to begin with
Here’s a one-line regex replacement:
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%d" % val)
Works only for inegral outputs:
import re
val = 1234567890
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%d" % val)
# Returns: '1,234,567,890'
val = 1234567890.1234567890
# Returns: '1,234,567,890'
Or for floats with less than 4 digits, change the format specifier to %.3f:
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%.3f" % val)
# Returns: '1,234,567,890.123'
NB: Doesn’t work correctly with more than three decimal digits as it will attempt to group the decimal part:
re.sub("(\d)(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))", r"\1,", "%.5f" % val)
# Returns: '1,234,567,890.12,346'
How it works
Let’s break it down:
re.sub(pattern, repl, string)
pattern = \
"(\d) # Find one digit...
(?= # that is followed by...
(\d{3})+ # one or more groups of three digits...
(?!\d) # which are not followed by any more digits.
)",
repl = \
r"\1,", # Replace that one digit by itself, followed by a comma,
# and continue looking for more matches later in the string.
# (re.sub() replaces all matches it finds in the input)
string = \
"%d" % val # Format the string as a decimal to begin with
回答 6
这就是我为花车所做的。虽然，老实说，我不确定它适用于哪个版本-我使用的是2.7：
my_number = 4385893.382939491
my_string = '{:0,.2f}'.format(my_number)
回报：4,385,893.38
更新：我最近遇到了这种格式的问题（无法告诉您确切的原因），但是可以通过删除0：来解决它：
my_string = '{:,.2f}'.format(my_number)
This is what I do for floats. Although, honestly, I’m not sure which versions it works for – I’m using 2.7:
my_number = 4385893.382939491
my_string = '{:0,.2f}'.format(my_number)
Returns: 4,385,893.38
Update: I recently had an issue with this format (couldn’t tell you the exact reason), but was able to fix it by dropping the 0:
my_string = '{:,.2f}'.format(my_number)
回答 7
您也可以将其'{:n}'.format( value )用于语言环境。我认为这是语言环境解决方案的最简单方法。
有关更多信息，请thousands在Python DOC中搜索。
对于货币，您可以使用locale.currency，设置标志grouping：
码
import locale
locale.setlocale( locale.LC_ALL, '' )
locale.currency( 1234567.89, grouping = True )
输出量
'Portuguese_Brazil.1252'
'R$ 1.234.567,89'
You can also use '{:n}'.format( value ) for a locale representation. I think this is the simpliest way for a locale solution.
For more information, search for thousands in Python DOC.
For currency, you can use locale.currency, setting the flag grouping:
Code
import locale
locale.setlocale( locale.LC_ALL, '' )
locale.currency( 1234567.89, grouping = True )
Output
'Portuguese_Brazil.1252'
'R$ 1.234.567,89'
回答 8
稍微扩大Ian Schneider的答案：
如果要使用自定义的千位分隔符，最简单的解决方案是：
'{:,}'.format(value).replace(',', your_custom_thousands_separator)
例子
'{:,.2f}'.format(123456789.012345).replace(',', ' ')
如果要这样的德语表示形式，它将变得更加复杂：
('{:,.2f}'.format(123456789.012345)
.replace(',', ' ') # 'save' the thousands separators
.replace('.', ',') # dot to comma
.replace(' ', '.')) # thousand separators to dot
Slightly expanding the answer of Ian Schneider:
If you want to use a custom thousands separator, the simplest solution is:
'{:,}'.format(value).replace(',', your_custom_thousands_separator)
Examples
'{:,.2f}'.format(123456789.012345).replace(',', ' ')
If you want the German representation like this, it gets a bit more complicated:
('{:,.2f}'.format(123456789.012345)
.replace(',', ' ') # 'save' the thousands separators
.replace('.', ',') # dot to comma
.replace(' ', '.')) # thousand separators to dot
回答 9
我确定必须有一个标准的库函数，但是尝试自己使用递归编写它很有趣，所以这是我想出的：
def intToStringWithCommas(x):
if type(x) is not int and type(x) is not long:
raise TypeError("Not an integer!")
if x < 0:
return '-' + intToStringWithCommas(-x)
elif x < 1000:
return str(x)
else:
return intToStringWithCommas(x / 1000) + ',' + '%03d' % (x % 1000)
话虽如此，如果其他人确实找到了一种标准方法，则应该改用该方法。
I’m sure there must be a standard library function for this, but it was fun to try to write it myself using recursion so here’s what I came up with:
def intToStringWithCommas(x):
if type(x) is not int and type(x) is not long:
raise TypeError("Not an integer!")
if x < 0:
return '-' + intToStringWithCommas(-x)
elif x < 1000:
return str(x)
else:
return intToStringWithCommas(x / 1000) + ',' + '%03d' % (x % 1000)
Having said that, if someone else does find a standard way to do it, you should use that instead.
回答 10
从评论到activestate食谱498181，我对此进行了重新设计：
import re
def thous(x, sep=',', dot='.'):
num, _, frac = str(x).partition(dot)
num = re.sub(r'(\d{3})(?=\d)', r'\1'+sep, num[::-1])[::-1]
if frac:
num += dot + frac
return num
它使用正则表达式功能：先行搜索，即(?=\d)确保只有三个数字组成的组在其“后”有一个逗号。我说“之后”是因为此时字符串是反向的。
[::-1] 只是反转一个字符串。
From the comments to activestate recipe 498181 I reworked this:
import re
def thous(x, sep=',', dot='.'):
num, _, frac = str(x).partition(dot)
num = re.sub(r'(\d{3})(?=\d)', r'\1'+sep, num[::-1])[::-1]
if frac:
num += dot + frac
return num
It uses the regular expressions feature: lookahead i.e. (?=\d) to make sure only groups of three digits that have a digit ‘after’ them get a comma. I say ‘after’ because the string is reverse at this point.
[::-1] just reverses a string.
回答 11
回答 12
Python 3
—
Integers (without decimal):
"{:,d}".format(1234567)
—
Floats (with decimal):
"{:,.2f}".format(1234567)
where the number before f specifies the number of decimal places.
—
Bonus
Quick-and-dirty starter function for the Indian lakhs/crores numbering system (12,34,567):
https://stackoverflow.com/a/44832241/4928578
回答 13
从Python 2.6版开始，您可以执行以下操作：
def format_builtin(n):
return format(n, ',')
对于2.6以下的Python版本，仅供参考，这里有2个手动解决方案，它们将浮点数转换为整数，但是负数可以正常工作：
def format_number_using_lists(number):
string = '%d' % number
result_list = list(string)
indexes = range(len(string))
for index in indexes[::-3][1:]:
if result_list[index] != '-':
result_list.insert(index+1, ',')
return ''.join(result_list)
这里需要注意的几件事：
- 这行代码：string =’％d’％number将数字很好地转换为字符串，它支持负数，并从浮点数中除去小数，使它们成为整数；
- 这个slice的索引[::-3]从末尾开始返回每个第三个项目，因此我使用了另一个切片[1：]删除了最后一个项目，因为在最后一个数字之后不需要逗号；
- 如果l [index]！=’-‘用于支持负数，则此条件，不要在减号后插入逗号。
还有一个更核心的版本：
def format_number_using_generators_and_list_comprehensions(number):
string = '%d' % number
generator = reversed(
[
value+',' if (index!=0 and value!='-' and index%3==0) else value
for index,value in enumerate(reversed(string))
]
)
return ''.join(generator)
from Python version 2.6 you can do this:
def format_builtin(n):
return format(n, ',')
For Python versions < 2.6 and just for your information, here are 2 manual solutions, they turn floats to ints but negative numbers work correctly:
def format_number_using_lists(number):
string = '%d' % number
result_list = list(string)
indexes = range(len(string))
for index in indexes[::-3][1:]:
if result_list[index] != '-':
result_list.insert(index+1, ',')
return ''.join(result_list)
few things to notice here:
- this line: string = ‘%d’ % number beautifully converts a number to a string, it supports negatives and it drops fractions from floats, making them ints;
- this slice indexes[::-3] returns each third item starting from
the end, so I used another slice [1:] to remove the very last item
cuz I don’t need a comma after the last number;
- this conditional if l[index] != ‘-‘ is being used to support negative numbers, do not insert a comma after the minus sign.
And a more hardcore version:
def format_number_using_generators_and_list_comprehensions(number):
string = '%d' % number
generator = reversed(
[
value+',' if (index!=0 and value!='-' and index%3==0) else value
for index,value in enumerate(reversed(string))
]
)
return ''.join(generator)
回答 14
我是Python初学者，但是经验丰富的程序员。我有Python 3.5，所以我只能使用逗号，但这仍然是一个有趣的编程练习。考虑无符号整数的情况。添加数千个分隔符的最易读的Python程序似乎是：
def add_commas(instr):
out = [instr[0]]
for i in range(1, len(instr)):
if (len(instr) - i) % 3 == 0:
out.append(',')
out.append(instr[i])
return ''.join(out)
也可以使用列表理解：
add_commas(instr):
rng = reversed(range(1, len(instr) + (len(instr) - 1)//3 + 1))
out = [',' if j%4 == 0 else instr[-(j - j//4)] for j in rng]
return ''.join(out)
它比较短，可能只有一个衬里，但是您必须进行一些心理体操才能理解它的工作原理。在这两种情况下，我们得到：
for i in range(1, 11):
instr = '1234567890'[:i]
print(instr, add_commas(instr))
1 1
12 12
123 123
1234 1,234
12345 12,345
123456 123,456
1234567 1,234,567
12345678 12,345,678
123456789 123,456,789
1234567890 1,234,567,890
如果您想了解该程序，则第一个版本是更明智的选择。
I am a Python beginner, but an experienced programmer. I have Python 3.5, so I can just use the comma, but this is nonetheless an interesting programming exercise. Consider the case of an unsigned integer. The most readable Python program for adding thousands separators appears to be:
def add_commas(instr):
out = [instr[0]]
for i in range(1, len(instr)):
if (len(instr) - i) % 3 == 0:
out.append(',')
out.append(instr[i])
return ''.join(out)
It is also possible to use a list comprehension:
add_commas(instr):
rng = reversed(range(1, len(instr) + (len(instr) - 1)//3 + 1))
out = [',' if j%4 == 0 else instr[-(j - j//4)] for j in rng]
return ''.join(out)
This is shorter, and could be a one liner, but you will have to do some mental gymnastics to understand why it works. In both cases we get:
for i in range(1, 11):
instr = '1234567890'[:i]
print(instr, add_commas(instr))
1 1
12 12
123 123
1234 1,234
12345 12,345
123456 123,456
1234567 1,234,567
12345678 12,345,678
123456789 123,456,789
1234567890 1,234,567,890
The first version is the more sensible choice, if you want the program to be understood.
回答 15
这也是一种适用于浮点数的方法：
def float2comma(f):
s = str(abs(f)) # Convert to a string
decimalposition = s.find(".") # Look for decimal point
if decimalposition == -1:
decimalposition = len(s) # If no decimal, then just work from the end
out = ""
for i in range(decimalposition+1, len(s)): # do the decimal
if not (i-decimalposition-1) % 3 and i-decimalposition-1: out = out+","
out = out+s[i]
if len(out):
out = "."+out # add the decimal point if necessary
for i in range(decimalposition-1,-1,-1): # working backwards from decimal point
if not (decimalposition-i-1) % 3 and decimalposition-i-1: out = ","+out
out = s[i]+out
if f < 0:
out = "-"+out
return out
用法示例：
>>> float2comma(10000.1111)
'10,000.111,1'
>>> float2comma(656565.122)
'656,565.122'
>>> float2comma(-656565.122)
'-656,565.122'
Here’s one that works for floats too:
def float2comma(f):
s = str(abs(f)) # Convert to a string
decimalposition = s.find(".") # Look for decimal point
if decimalposition == -1:
decimalposition = len(s) # If no decimal, then just work from the end
out = ""
for i in range(decimalposition+1, len(s)): # do the decimal
if not (i-decimalposition-1) % 3 and i-decimalposition-1: out = out+","
out = out+s[i]
if len(out):
out = "."+out # add the decimal point if necessary
for i in range(decimalposition-1,-1,-1): # working backwards from decimal point
if not (decimalposition-i-1) % 3 and decimalposition-i-1: out = ","+out
out = s[i]+out
if f < 0:
out = "-"+out
return out
Usage Example:
>>> float2comma(10000.1111)
'10,000.111,1'
>>> float2comma(656565.122)
'656,565.122'
>>> float2comma(-656565.122)
'-656,565.122'
回答 16
一种适用于Python 2.5+和Python 3的衬板（仅适用于正整数）：
''.join(reversed([x + (',' if i and not i % 3 else '') for i, x in enumerate(reversed(str(1234567)))]))
One liner for Python 2.5+ and Python 3 (positive int only):
''.join(reversed([x + (',' if i and not i % 3 else '') for i, x in enumerate(reversed(str(1234567)))]))
回答 17
通用解决方案
我在上一个投票最高的答案中发现了点分隔符的一些问题。我设计了一个通用解决方案，您可以在不修改语言环境的情况下将任何内容用作千位分隔符。我知道这不是最优雅的解决方案，但可以完成工作。随时进行改进！
def format_integer(number, thousand_separator='.'):
def reverse(string):
string = "".join(reversed(string))
return string
s = reverse(str(number))
count = 0
result = ''
for char in s:
count = count + 1
if count % 3 == 0:
if len(s) == count:
result = char + result
else:
result = thousand_separator + char + result
else:
result = char + result
return result
print(format_integer(50))
# 50
print(format_integer(500))
# 500
print(format_integer(50000))
# 50.000
print(format_integer(50000000))
# 50.000.000
Universal solution
I have found some issues with the dot separator in the previous top voted answers. I have designed a universal solution where you can use whatever you want as a thousand separator without modifying the locale. I know it’s not the most elegant solution, but it gets the job done. Feel free to improve it !
def format_integer(number, thousand_separator='.'):
def reverse(string):
string = "".join(reversed(string))
return string
s = reverse(str(number))
count = 0
result = ''
for char in s:
count = count + 1
if count % 3 == 0:
if len(s) == count:
result = char + result
else:
result = thousand_separator + char + result
else:
result = char + result
return result
print(format_integer(50))
# 50
print(format_integer(500))
# 500
print(format_integer(50000))
# 50.000
print(format_integer(50000000))
# 50.000.000
回答 18
这与逗号一起赚钱
def format_money(money, presym='$', postsym=''):
fmt = '%0.2f' % money
dot = string.find(fmt, '.')
ret = []
if money < 0 :
ret.append('(')
p0 = 1
else :
p0 = 0
ret.append(presym)
p1 = (dot-p0) % 3 + p0
while True :
ret.append(fmt[p0:p1])
if p1 == dot : break
ret.append(',')
p0 = p1
p1 += 3
ret.append(fmt[dot:]) # decimals
ret.append(postsym)
if money < 0 : ret.append(')')
return ''.join(ret)
This does money along with the commas
def format_money(money, presym='$', postsym=''):
fmt = '%0.2f' % money
dot = string.find(fmt, '.')
ret = []
if money < 0 :
ret.append('(')
p0 = 1
else :
p0 = 0
ret.append(presym)
p1 = (dot-p0) % 3 + p0
while True :
ret.append(fmt[p0:p1])
if p1 == dot : break
ret.append(',')
p0 = p1
p1 += 3
ret.append(fmt[dot:]) # decimals
ret.append(postsym)
if money < 0 : ret.append(')')
return ''.join(ret)
回答 19
我有此代码的python 2和python 3版本。我知道这个问题是针对python 2提出的，但是现在（8年后，大声笑）人们可能会使用python3。Python
3代码：
import random
number = str(random.randint(1, 10000000))
comma_placement = 4
print('The original number is: {}. '.format(number))
while True:
if len(number) % 3 == 0:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3 - 1):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
comma_placement = comma_placement + 4
else:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
break
print('The new and improved number is: {}'.format(number))
Python 2代码：（编辑。python2代码无法正常工作。我认为语法是不同的）。
import random
number = str(random.randint(1, 10000000))
comma_placement = 4
print 'The original number is: %s.' % (number)
while True:
if len(number) % 3 == 0:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3 - 1):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
comma_placement = comma_placement + 4
else:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
break
print 'The new and improved number is: %s.' % (number)
I have a python 2 and python 3 version of this code. I know that the question was asked for python 2 but now (8 years later lol) people will probably be using python 3.
Python 3 Code:
import random
number = str(random.randint(1, 10000000))
comma_placement = 4
print('The original number is: {}. '.format(number))
while True:
if len(number) % 3 == 0:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3 - 1):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
comma_placement = comma_placement + 4
else:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
break
print('The new and improved number is: {}'.format(number))
Python 2 Code: (Edit. The python 2 code isn’t working. I am thinking that the syntax is different).
import random
number = str(random.randint(1, 10000000))
comma_placement = 4
print 'The original number is: %s.' % (number)
while True:
if len(number) % 3 == 0:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3 - 1):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
comma_placement = comma_placement + 4
else:
for i in range(0, len(number) // 3):
number = number[0:len(number) - comma_placement + 1] + ',' + number[len(number) - comma_placement + 1:]
break
print 'The new and improved number is: %s.' % (number)
回答 20
我正在使用python 2.5，因此无法访问内置格式。
我查看了Django代码intcomma（下面的代码中的intcomma_recurs），发现它效率低下，因为它是递归的，并且每次运行时都编译正则表达式也不是一件好事。这不是必需的“问题”，因为django并不是真的专注于这种低级性能。另外，我期望性能差异达到10倍，但仅慢3倍。
出于好奇，我实现了一些intcomma版本，以查看使用正则表达式时的性能优势。我的测试数据总结出此任务有一点优势，但令人惊讶的是根本没有优势。
我也很高兴看到我所怀疑的：在无正则表达式的情况下，不需要使用反向xrange方法，但这确实使代码看起来更好一点，但性能却降低了10％。
另外，我假设您要传递的是一个字符串，看起来有点像一个数字。否则结果不确定。
from __future__ import with_statement
from contextlib import contextmanager
import re,time
re_first_num = re.compile(r"\d")
def intcomma_noregex(value):
end_offset, start_digit, period = len(value),re_first_num.search(value).start(),value.rfind('.')
if period == -1:
period=end_offset
segments,_from_index,leftover = [],0,(period-start_digit) % 3
for _index in xrange(start_digit+3 if not leftover else start_digit+leftover,period,3):
segments.append(value[_from_index:_index])
_from_index=_index
if not segments:
return value
segments.append(value[_from_index:])
return ','.join(segments)
def intcomma_noregex_reversed(value):
end_offset, start_digit, period = len(value),re_first_num.search(value).start(),value.rfind('.')
if period == -1:
period=end_offset
_from_index,segments = end_offset,[]
for _index in xrange(period-3,start_digit,-3):
segments.append(value[_index:_from_index])
_from_index=_index
if not segments:
return value
segments.append(value[:_from_index])
return ','.join(reversed(segments))
re_3digits = re.compile(r'(?<=\d)\d{3}(?!\d)')
def intcomma(value):
segments,last_endoffset=[],len(value)
while last_endoffset > 3:
digit_group = re_3digits.search(value,0,last_endoffset)
if not digit_group:
break
segments.append(value[digit_group.start():last_endoffset])
last_endoffset=digit_group.start()
if not segments:
return value
if last_endoffset:
segments.append(value[:last_endoffset])
return ','.join(reversed(segments))
def intcomma_recurs(value):
"""
Converts an integer to a string containing commas every three digits.
For example, 3000 becomes '3,000' and 45000 becomes '45,000'.
"""
new = re.sub("^(-?\d+)(\d{3})", '\g<1>,\g<2>', str(value))
if value == new:
return new
else:
return intcomma(new)
@contextmanager
def timed(save_time_func):
begin=time.time()
try:
yield
finally:
save_time_func(time.time()-begin)
def testset_xsimple(func):
func('5')
def testset_simple(func):
func('567')
def testset_onecomma(func):
func('567890')
def testset_complex(func):
func('-1234567.024')
def testset_average(func):
func('-1234567.024')
func('567')
func('5674')
if __name__ == '__main__':
print 'Test results:'
for test_data in ('5','567','1234','1234.56','-253892.045'):
for func in (intcomma,intcomma_noregex,intcomma_noregex_reversed,intcomma_recurs):
print func.__name__,test_data,func(test_data)
times=[]
def overhead(x):
pass
for test_run in xrange(1,4):
for func in (intcomma,intcomma_noregex,intcomma_noregex_reversed,intcomma_recurs,overhead):
for testset in (testset_xsimple,testset_simple,testset_onecomma,testset_complex,testset_average):
for x in xrange(1000): # prime the test
testset(func)
with timed(lambda x:times.append(((test_run,func,testset),x))):
for x in xrange(50000):
testset(func)
for (test_run,func,testset),_delta in times:
print test_run,func.__name__,testset.__name__,_delta
这是测试结果：
intcomma 5 5
intcomma_noregex 5 5
intcomma_noregex_reversed 5 5
intcomma_recurs 5 5
intcomma 567 567
intcomma_noregex 567 567
intcomma_noregex_reversed 567 567
intcomma_recurs 567 567
intcomma 1234 1,234
intcomma_noregex 1234 1,234
intcomma_noregex_reversed 1234 1,234
intcomma_recurs 1234 1,234
intcomma 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma_noregex 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma_noregex_reversed 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma_recurs 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma -253892.045 -253,892.045
intcomma_noregex -253892.045 -253,892.045
intcomma_noregex_reversed -253892.045 -253,892.045
intcomma_recurs -253892.045 -253,892.045
1 intcomma testset_xsimple 0.0410001277924
1 intcomma testset_simple 0.0369999408722
1 intcomma testset_onecomma 0.213000059128
1 intcomma testset_complex 0.296000003815
1 intcomma testset_average 0.503000020981
1 intcomma_noregex testset_xsimple 0.134000062943
1 intcomma_noregex testset_simple 0.134999990463
1 intcomma_noregex testset_onecomma 0.190999984741
1 intcomma_noregex testset_complex 0.209000110626
1 intcomma_noregex testset_average 0.513000011444
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_xsimple 0.124000072479
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_simple 0.12700009346
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_onecomma 0.230000019073
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_complex 0.236999988556
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_average 0.56299996376
1 intcomma_recurs testset_xsimple 0.348000049591
1 intcomma_recurs testset_simple 0.34600019455
1 intcomma_recurs testset_onecomma 0.625
1 intcomma_recurs testset_complex 0.773999929428
1 intcomma_recurs testset_average 1.6890001297
1 overhead testset_xsimple 0.0179998874664
1 overhead testset_simple 0.0190000534058
1 overhead testset_onecomma 0.0190000534058
1 overhead testset_complex 0.0190000534058
1 overhead testset_average 0.0309998989105
2 intcomma testset_xsimple 0.0360000133514
2 intcomma testset_simple 0.0369999408722
2 intcomma testset_onecomma 0.207999944687
2 intcomma testset_complex 0.302000045776
2 intcomma testset_average 0.523000001907
2 intcomma_noregex testset_xsimple 0.139999866486
2 intcomma_noregex testset_simple 0.141000032425
2 intcomma_noregex testset_onecomma 0.203999996185
2 intcomma_noregex testset_complex 0.200999975204
2 intcomma_noregex testset_average 0.523000001907
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_xsimple 0.130000114441
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_simple 0.129999876022
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_onecomma 0.236000061035
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_complex 0.241999864578
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_average 0.582999944687
2 intcomma_recurs testset_xsimple 0.351000070572
2 intcomma_recurs testset_simple 0.352999925613
2 intcomma_recurs testset_onecomma 0.648999929428
2 intcomma_recurs testset_complex 0.808000087738
2 intcomma_recurs testset_average 1.81900000572
2 overhead testset_xsimple 0.0189998149872
2 overhead testset_simple 0.0189998149872
2 overhead testset_onecomma 0.0190000534058
2 overhead testset_complex 0.0179998874664
2 overhead testset_average 0.0299999713898
3 intcomma testset_xsimple 0.0360000133514
3 intcomma testset_simple 0.0360000133514
3 intcomma testset_onecomma 0.210000038147
3 intcomma testset_complex 0.305999994278
3 intcomma testset_average 0.493000030518
3 intcomma_noregex testset_xsimple 0.131999969482
3 intcomma_noregex testset_simple 0.136000156403
3 intcomma_noregex testset_onecomma 0.192999839783
3 intcomma_noregex testset_complex 0.202000141144
3 intcomma_noregex testset_average 0.509999990463
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_xsimple 0.125999927521
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_simple 0.126999855042
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_onecomma 0.235999822617
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_complex 0.243000030518
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_average 0.56200003624
3 intcomma_recurs testset_xsimple 0.337000131607
3 intcomma_recurs testset_simple 0.342000007629
3 intcomma_recurs testset_onecomma 0.609999895096
3 intcomma_recurs testset_complex 0.75
3 intcomma_recurs testset_average 1.68300008774
3 overhead testset_xsimple 0.0189998149872
3 overhead testset_simple 0.018000125885
3 overhead testset_onecomma 0.018000125885
3 overhead testset_complex 0.0179998874664
3 overhead testset_average 0.0299999713898
I’m using python 2.5 so I don’t have access to the built-in formatting.
I looked at the Django code intcomma (intcomma_recurs in code below) and realized it’s inefficient, because it’s recursive and also compiling the regex on every run is not a good thing either. This is not necessary an ‘issue’ as django isn’t really THAT focused on this kind of low-level performance. Also, I was expecting a factor of 10 difference in performance, but it’s only 3 times slower.
Out of curiosity I implemented a few versions of intcomma to see what the performance advantages are when using regex. My test data concludes a slight advantage for this task, but surprisingly not much at all.
I also was pleased to see what I suspected: using the reverse xrange approach is unnecessary in the no-regex case, but it does make the code look slightly better at the cost of ~10% performance.
Also, I assume what you’re passing in is a string and looks somewhat like a number. Results undetermined otherwise.
from __future__ import with_statement
from contextlib import contextmanager
import re,time
re_first_num = re.compile(r"\d")
def intcomma_noregex(value):
end_offset, start_digit, period = len(value),re_first_num.search(value).start(),value.rfind('.')
if period == -1:
period=end_offset
segments,_from_index,leftover = [],0,(period-start_digit) % 3
for _index in xrange(start_digit+3 if not leftover else start_digit+leftover,period,3):
segments.append(value[_from_index:_index])
_from_index=_index
if not segments:
return value
segments.append(value[_from_index:])
return ','.join(segments)
def intcomma_noregex_reversed(value):
end_offset, start_digit, period = len(value),re_first_num.search(value).start(),value.rfind('.')
if period == -1:
period=end_offset
_from_index,segments = end_offset,[]
for _index in xrange(period-3,start_digit,-3):
segments.append(value[_index:_from_index])
_from_index=_index
if not segments:
return value
segments.append(value[:_from_index])
return ','.join(reversed(segments))
re_3digits = re.compile(r'(?<=\d)\d{3}(?!\d)')
def intcomma(value):
segments,last_endoffset=[],len(value)
while last_endoffset > 3:
digit_group = re_3digits.search(value,0,last_endoffset)
if not digit_group:
break
segments.append(value[digit_group.start():last_endoffset])
last_endoffset=digit_group.start()
if not segments:
return value
if last_endoffset:
segments.append(value[:last_endoffset])
return ','.join(reversed(segments))
def intcomma_recurs(value):
"""
Converts an integer to a string containing commas every three digits.
For example, 3000 becomes '3,000' and 45000 becomes '45,000'.
"""
new = re.sub("^(-?\d+)(\d{3})", '\g<1>,\g<2>', str(value))
if value == new:
return new
else:
return intcomma(new)
@contextmanager
def timed(save_time_func):
begin=time.time()
try:
yield
finally:
save_time_func(time.time()-begin)
def testset_xsimple(func):
func('5')
def testset_simple(func):
func('567')
def testset_onecomma(func):
func('567890')
def testset_complex(func):
func('-1234567.024')
def testset_average(func):
func('-1234567.024')
func('567')
func('5674')
if __name__ == '__main__':
print 'Test results:'
for test_data in ('5','567','1234','1234.56','-253892.045'):
for func in (intcomma,intcomma_noregex,intcomma_noregex_reversed,intcomma_recurs):
print func.__name__,test_data,func(test_data)
times=[]
def overhead(x):
pass
for test_run in xrange(1,4):
for func in (intcomma,intcomma_noregex,intcomma_noregex_reversed,intcomma_recurs,overhead):
for testset in (testset_xsimple,testset_simple,testset_onecomma,testset_complex,testset_average):
for x in xrange(1000): # prime the test
testset(func)
with timed(lambda x:times.append(((test_run,func,testset),x))):
for x in xrange(50000):
testset(func)
for (test_run,func,testset),_delta in times:
print test_run,func.__name__,testset.__name__,_delta
And here are the test results:
intcomma 5 5
intcomma_noregex 5 5
intcomma_noregex_reversed 5 5
intcomma_recurs 5 5
intcomma 567 567
intcomma_noregex 567 567
intcomma_noregex_reversed 567 567
intcomma_recurs 567 567
intcomma 1234 1,234
intcomma_noregex 1234 1,234
intcomma_noregex_reversed 1234 1,234
intcomma_recurs 1234 1,234
intcomma 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma_noregex 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma_noregex_reversed 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma_recurs 1234.56 1,234.56
intcomma -253892.045 -253,892.045
intcomma_noregex -253892.045 -253,892.045
intcomma_noregex_reversed -253892.045 -253,892.045
intcomma_recurs -253892.045 -253,892.045
1 intcomma testset_xsimple 0.0410001277924
1 intcomma testset_simple 0.0369999408722
1 intcomma testset_onecomma 0.213000059128
1 intcomma testset_complex 0.296000003815
1 intcomma testset_average 0.503000020981
1 intcomma_noregex testset_xsimple 0.134000062943
1 intcomma_noregex testset_simple 0.134999990463
1 intcomma_noregex testset_onecomma 0.190999984741
1 intcomma_noregex testset_complex 0.209000110626
1 intcomma_noregex testset_average 0.513000011444
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_xsimple 0.124000072479
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_simple 0.12700009346
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_onecomma 0.230000019073
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_complex 0.236999988556
1 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_average 0.56299996376
1 intcomma_recurs testset_xsimple 0.348000049591
1 intcomma_recurs testset_simple 0.34600019455
1 intcomma_recurs testset_onecomma 0.625
1 intcomma_recurs testset_complex 0.773999929428
1 intcomma_recurs testset_average 1.6890001297
1 overhead testset_xsimple 0.0179998874664
1 overhead testset_simple 0.0190000534058
1 overhead testset_onecomma 0.0190000534058
1 overhead testset_complex 0.0190000534058
1 overhead testset_average 0.0309998989105
2 intcomma testset_xsimple 0.0360000133514
2 intcomma testset_simple 0.0369999408722
2 intcomma testset_onecomma 0.207999944687
2 intcomma testset_complex 0.302000045776
2 intcomma testset_average 0.523000001907
2 intcomma_noregex testset_xsimple 0.139999866486
2 intcomma_noregex testset_simple 0.141000032425
2 intcomma_noregex testset_onecomma 0.203999996185
2 intcomma_noregex testset_complex 0.200999975204
2 intcomma_noregex testset_average 0.523000001907
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_xsimple 0.130000114441
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_simple 0.129999876022
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_onecomma 0.236000061035
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_complex 0.241999864578
2 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_average 0.582999944687
2 intcomma_recurs testset_xsimple 0.351000070572
2 intcomma_recurs testset_simple 0.352999925613
2 intcomma_recurs testset_onecomma 0.648999929428
2 intcomma_recurs testset_complex 0.808000087738
2 intcomma_recurs testset_average 1.81900000572
2 overhead testset_xsimple 0.0189998149872
2 overhead testset_simple 0.0189998149872
2 overhead testset_onecomma 0.0190000534058
2 overhead testset_complex 0.0179998874664
2 overhead testset_average 0.0299999713898
3 intcomma testset_xsimple 0.0360000133514
3 intcomma testset_simple 0.0360000133514
3 intcomma testset_onecomma 0.210000038147
3 intcomma testset_complex 0.305999994278
3 intcomma testset_average 0.493000030518
3 intcomma_noregex testset_xsimple 0.131999969482
3 intcomma_noregex testset_simple 0.136000156403
3 intcomma_noregex testset_onecomma 0.192999839783
3 intcomma_noregex testset_complex 0.202000141144
3 intcomma_noregex testset_average 0.509999990463
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_xsimple 0.125999927521
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_simple 0.126999855042
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_onecomma 0.235999822617
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_complex 0.243000030518
3 intcomma_noregex_reversed testset_average 0.56200003624
3 intcomma_recurs testset_xsimple 0.337000131607
3 intcomma_recurs testset_simple 0.342000007629
3 intcomma_recurs testset_onecomma 0.609999895096
3 intcomma_recurs testset_complex 0.75
3 intcomma_recurs testset_average 1.68300008774
3 overhead testset_xsimple 0.0189998149872
3 overhead testset_simple 0.018000125885
3 overhead testset_onecomma 0.018000125885
3 overhead testset_complex 0.0179998874664
3 overhead testset_average 0.0299999713898
回答 21
this is baked into python per PEP -> https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0378/
just use format(1000, ‘,d’) to show an integer with thousands separator
there are more formats described in the PEP, have at it
回答 22
这是使用生成器函数的另一种变体，适用于整数：
def ncomma(num):
def _helper(num):
# assert isinstance(numstr, basestring)
numstr = '%d' % num
for ii, digit in enumerate(reversed(numstr)):
if ii and ii % 3 == 0 and digit.isdigit():
yield ','
yield digit
return ''.join(reversed([n for n in _helper(num)]))
这是一个测试：
>>> for i in (0, 99, 999, 9999, 999999, 1000000, -1, -111, -1111, -111111, -1000000):
... print i, ncomma(i)
...
0 0
99 99
999 999
9999 9,999
999999 999,999
1000000 1,000,000
-1 -1
-111 -111
-1111 -1,111
-111111 -111,111
-1000000 -1,000,000
Here is another variant using a generator function that works for integers:
def ncomma(num):
def _helper(num):
# assert isinstance(numstr, basestring)
numstr = '%d' % num
for ii, digit in enumerate(reversed(numstr)):
if ii and ii % 3 == 0 and digit.isdigit():
yield ','
yield digit
return ''.join(reversed([n for n in _helper(num)]))
And here’s a test:
>>> for i in (0, 99, 999, 9999, 999999, 1000000, -1, -111, -1111, -111111, -1000000):
... print i, ncomma(i)
...
0 0
99 99
999 999
9999 9,999
999999 999,999
1000000 1,000,000
-1 -1
-111 -111
-1111 -1,111
-111111 -111,111
-1000000 -1,000,000
回答 23
只是子类long（或float，或其他）。这非常实用，因为这样您仍然可以在数学运算中使用数字（因此也可以在现有代码中使用数字），但是它们都可以在终端中很好地打印出来。
>>> class number(long):
def __init__(self, value):
self = value
def __repr__(self):
s = str(self)
l = [x for x in s if x in '1234567890']
for x in reversed(range(len(s)-1)[::3]):
l.insert(-x, ',')
l = ''.join(l[1:])
return ('-'+l if self < 0 else l)
>>> number(-100000)
-100,000
>>> number(-100)
-100
>>> number(-12345)
-12,345
>>> number(928374)
928,374
>>> 345
Just subclass long (or float, or whatever). This is highly practical, because this way you can still use your numbers in math ops (and therefore existing code), but they will all print nicely in your terminal.
>>> class number(long):
def __init__(self, value):
self = value
def __repr__(self):
s = str(self)
l = [x for x in s if x in '1234567890']
for x in reversed(range(len(s)-1)[::3]):
l.insert(-x, ',')
l = ''.join(l[1:])
return ('-'+l if self < 0 else l)
>>> number(-100000)
-100,000
>>> number(-100)
-100
>>> number(-12345)
-12,345
>>> number(928374)
928,374
>>> 345
回答 24
意大利：
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,"")
'Italian_Italy.1252'
>>> f"{1000:n}"
'1.000'
Italy:
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,"")
'Italian_Italy.1252'
>>> f"{1000:n}"
'1.000'
回答 25
对于花车：
float(filter(lambda x: x!=',', '1,234.52'))
# returns 1234.52
对于整数：
int(filter(lambda x: x!=',', '1,234'))
# returns 1234
For floats:
float(filter(lambda x: x!=',', '1,234.52'))
# returns 1234.52
For ints:
int(filter(lambda x: x!=',', '1,234'))
# returns 1234
