问题：从python中运行bash脚本
我的以下代码有问题：
callBash.py：
import subprocess
print "start"
subprocess.call("sleep.sh")
print "end"
sleep.sh：
sleep 10
我希望10秒钟后打印“结束”。（我知道这是一个愚蠢的示例，我可以简单地在python中睡眠，但是这个简单的sleep.sh文件只是一个测试）
I have a problem with the following code:
callBash.py:
import subprocess
print "start"
subprocess.call("sleep.sh")
print "end"
sleep.sh:
sleep 10
I want the “end” to be printed after 10s. (I know that this is a dumb example, I could simply sleep within python, but this simple sleep.sh file was just as a test)
回答 0
使sleep.sh可执行并添加shell=True到参数列表中（如先前答案中所建议）可以正常工作。根据搜索路径，您可能还需要添加./或其他合适的路径。（即，更改"sleep.sh"为"./sleep.sh"。）
的shell=True不需要的参数，如果bash脚本的第一行是一个外壳的路径（一个Posix的系统如Linux下）; 例如，#!/bin/bash。
Making sleep.sh executable and adding shell=True to the parameter list (as suggested in previous answers) works ok. Depending on the search path, you may also need to add ./ or some other appropriate path. (Ie, change "sleep.sh" to "./sleep.sh".)
The shell=True parameter is not needed (under a Posix system like Linux) if the first line of the bash script is a path to a shell; for example, #!/bin/bash.
回答 1
如果sleep.sh具有shebang #!/bin/sh并且它具有适当的文件权限-运行chmod u+rx sleep.sh以确保它已经在其中，$PATH则您的代码应按原样工作：
import subprocess
rc = subprocess.call("sleep.sh")
如果脚本不在PATH中，则指定它的完整路径，例如，如果它在当前工作目录中：
from subprocess import call
rc = call("./sleep.sh")
如果脚本没有shebang，则需要指定shell=True：
rc = call("./sleep.sh", shell=True)
如果脚本没有可执行权限，并且您无法更改它（例如，通过运行），os.chmod('sleep.sh', 0o755)则可以将脚本作为文本文件读取，然后将字符串传递给subprocess模块：
with open('sleep.sh', 'rb') as file:
script = file.read()
rc = call(script, shell=True)
If sleep.sh has the shebang #!/bin/sh and it has appropriate file permissions — run chmod u+rx sleep.sh to make sure and it is in $PATH then your code should work as is:
import subprocess
rc = subprocess.call("sleep.sh")
If the script is not in the PATH then specify the full path to it e.g., if it is in the current working directory:
from subprocess import call
rc = call("./sleep.sh")
If the script has no shebang then you need to specify shell=True:
rc = call("./sleep.sh", shell=True)
If the script has no executable permissions and you can’t change it e.g., by running os.chmod('sleep.sh', 0o755) then you could read the script as a text file and pass the string to subprocess module instead:
with open('sleep.sh', 'rb') as file:
script = file.read()
rc = call(script, shell=True)
回答 2
实际上，您只需要添加shell=True参数即可：
subprocess.call("sleep.sh", shell=True)
但要注意-
警告如果与不受信任的输入结合使用，使用shell = True调用系统外壳可能会带来安全隐患。有关详细信息，请参见“常用参数”下的警告。
资源
Actually, you just have to add the shell=True argument:
subprocess.call("sleep.sh", shell=True)
But beware –
Warning Invoking the system shell with shell=True can be a security hazard if combined with untrusted input. See the warning under Frequently Used Arguments for details.
source
回答 3
如果有人希望通过参数调用脚本
import subprocess
val = subprocess.check_call("./script.sh '%s'" % arg, shell=True)
请记住在传递之前使用str（arg）将args转换为字符串。
这可以用来传递任意多个参数：
subprocess.check_call("./script.ksh %s %s %s" % (arg1, str(arg2), arg3), shell=True)
If someone looking for calling a script with arguments
import subprocess
val = subprocess.check_call("./script.sh '%s'" % arg, shell=True)
Remember to convert the args to string before passing, using str(arg).
This can be used to pass as many arguments as desired:
subprocess.check_call("./script.ksh %s %s %s" % (arg1, str(arg2), arg3), shell=True)
回答 4
确保sleep.sh具有执行权限，并使用来运行它shell=True：
#!/usr/bin/python
import subprocess
print "start"
subprocess.call("./sleep.sh", shell=True)
print "end"
Make sure that sleep.sh has execution permissions, and run it with shell=True:
#!/usr/bin/python
import subprocess
print "start"
subprocess.call("./sleep.sh", shell=True)
print "end"
回答 5
如果chmod不起作用，那么您也可以尝试
import os
os.system('sh script.sh')
#you can also use bash instead of sh
由我测试谢谢
If chmod not working then you also try
import os
os.system('sh script.sh')
#you can also use bash instead of sh
test by me thanks
回答 6
添加一个答案是因为询问了如何从python运行bash脚本后我被定向到了这里。OSError: [Errno 2] file not found如果您的脚本接受参数，则会收到错误消息。假设您的脚本输入了一个sleep time参数：subprocess.call("sleep.sh 10")将无法工作，您必须将其作为数组传递：subprocess.call(["sleep.sh", 10])
Adding an answer because I was directed here after asking how to run a bash script from python. You receive an error OSError: [Errno 2] file not found if your script takes in parameters. Lets say for instance your script took in a sleep time parameter: subprocess.call("sleep.sh 10") will not work, you must pass it as an array: subprocess.call(["sleep.sh", 10])
