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如何使用python找出我的python路径？

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问题：如何使用python找出我的python路径？
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回答 1
回答 2
回答 3
回答 4
回答 5

问题：如何使用python找出我的python路径？

如何PYTHONPATH从Python脚本（或交互式外壳程序）中找出系统变量中列出了哪些目录？

点击查看英文原文

How do I find out which directories are listed in my system’s PYTHONPATH variable, from within a Python script (or the interactive shell)?

回答 0

sys.path可能包括不是您的PYTHONPATH环境变量中特定的项目。要直接查询变量，请使用：

import os
try:
    user_paths = os.environ['PYTHONPATH'].split(os.pathsep)
except KeyError:
    user_paths = []
点击查看英文原文

sys.path might include items that aren’t specifically in your PYTHONPATH environment variable. To query the variable directly, use:

import os
try:
    user_paths = os.environ['PYTHONPATH'].split(os.pathsep)
except KeyError:
    user_paths = []

回答 1

您可能还希望这样：

import sys
print(sys.path)

或者作为从终端的一行代码：

python -c "import sys; print('\n'.join(sys.path))"

注意：如果您安装了多个版本的Python，则应使用相应的命令python2或python3。

点击查看英文原文

You would probably also want this:

import sys
print(sys.path)

Or as a one liner from the terminal:

python -c "import sys; print('\n'.join(sys.path))"

Caveat: If you have multiple versions of Python installed you should use a corresponding command python2 or python3.

回答 2

似乎无法编辑其他答案。有一个小错误，因为它仅适用于Windows。更通用的解决方案是使用os.sep，如下所示：

sys.path可能包含不是您的PYTHONPATH环境变量中特定的项目。要直接查询变量，请使用：

import os
os.environ['PYTHONPATH'].split(os.pathsep)
点击查看英文原文

Can’t seem to edit the other answer. Has a minor error in that it is Windows-only. The more generic solution is to use os.sep as below:

sys.path might include items that aren’t specifically in your PYTHONPATH environment variable. To query the variable directly, use:

import os
os.environ['PYTHONPATH'].split(os.pathsep)

回答 3

PYTHONPATH是一个环境变量，其值是目录列表。设置后，Python将使用它与其他标准输入一起搜索导入的模块。和Python的“ sys.path”中列出的第三方库目录。

与其他任何环境变量一样，您可以将其导出到shell或〜/ .bashrc中，请参见此处。您可以在python中查询os.environ [‘PYTHONPATH’]的值，如下所示：

$ python3 -c "import os, sys; print(os.environ['PYTHONPATH']); print(sys.path) if 'PYTHONPATH' in sorted(os.environ) else print('PYTHONPATH is not defined')"

如果在shell中将IF定义为 

$ export PYTHONPATH=$HOME/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite

然后结果=>

/home/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite
['', '/home/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite', '/usr/local/lib/python37.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages']

ELSE结果=>

PYTHONPATH is not defined

要将PYTHONPATH设置为多个路径，请参见此处。

注意，可以在运行时通过sys.path.insert（），del或remove（）添加或删除搜索路径，但不能通过os.environ []添加或删除搜索路径。例：

>>> os.environ['PYTHONPATH']="$HOME/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite"
>>> 'PYTHONPATH' in sorted(os.environ)
True
>>> sys.path // but Not there
['', '/usr/local/lib/python37.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages']

>>> sys.path.insert(0,os.environ['PYTHONPATH'])
>>> sys.path // It's there
['$HOME/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite', '', '/usr/local/lib/python37.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages']
>>>

总之，PYTHONPATH是在sys.path中为导入的模块指定Python搜索路径的一种方法。您也可以不借助PYTHONPATH将列表操作直接应用于sys.path。

点击查看英文原文

PYTHONPATH is an environment variable whose value is a list of directories. Once set, it is used by Python to search for imported modules, along with other std. and 3rd-party library directories listed in Python’s “sys.path”.

As any other environment variables, you can either export it in shell or in ~/.bashrc, see here. You can query os.environ[‘PYTHONPATH’] for its value in Python as shown below:

$ python3 -c "import os, sys; print(os.environ['PYTHONPATH']); print(sys.path) if 'PYTHONPATH' in sorted(os.environ) else print('PYTHONPATH is not defined')"

IF defined in shell as 

$ export PYTHONPATH=$HOME/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite

THEN result =>

/home/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite
['', '/home/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite', '/usr/local/lib/python37.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages']

ELSE result =>

PYTHONPATH is not defined

To set PYTHONPATH to multiple paths, see here.

Note that one can add or delete a search path via sys.path.insert(), del or remove() at run-time, but NOT through os.environ[]. Example:

>>> os.environ['PYTHONPATH']="$HOME/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite"
>>> 'PYTHONPATH' in sorted(os.environ)
True
>>> sys.path // but Not there
['', '/usr/local/lib/python37.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages']

>>> sys.path.insert(0,os.environ['PYTHONPATH'])
>>> sys.path // It's there
['$HOME/Documents/DjangoTutorial/mysite', '', '/usr/local/lib/python37.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages']
>>>

In summary, PYTHONPATH is one way of specifying the Python search path(s) for imported modules in sys.path. You can also apply list operations directly to sys.path without the aid of PYTHONPATH.

回答 4

当它给我一条错误消息时，Python告诉我它住在哪里：)

>>> import os
>>> os.environ['PYTHONPATH'].split(os.pathsep)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\martin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\os.py", line 669, in __getitem__
    raise KeyError(key) from None
KeyError: 'PYTHONPATH'
>>>
点击查看英文原文

Python tells me where it lives when it gives me an error message :)

>>> import os
>>> os.environ['PYTHONPATH'].split(os.pathsep)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\martin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\os.py", line 669, in __getitem__
    raise KeyError(key) from None
KeyError: 'PYTHONPATH'
>>>

回答 5

用这个：

import sys
print(sys.executable)

或从cmd一行：

python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)"
点击查看英文原文

Use this:

import sys
print(sys.executable)

Or one line from the cmd:

python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)"