Python-提取和保存视频帧

问题:Python-提取和保存视频帧

因此,我已按照本教程进行操作,但似乎没有任何作用。根本没有。等待几秒钟,然后关闭程序。此代码有什么问题?

import cv2
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture('Compton.mp4')
success,image = vidcap.read()
count = 0
success = True
while success:
  success,image = vidcap.read()
  cv2.imwrite("frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file
  if cv2.waitKey(10) == 27:                     # exit if Escape is hit
      break
  count += 1

另外,在评论中说这将帧数限制为1000?为什么?

编辑:我尝试先做,success = True但这没有帮助。它仅创建了一个0字节的图像。

So I’ve followed this tutorial but it doesn’t seem to do anything. Simply nothing. It waits a few seconds and closes the program. What is wrong with this code?

import cv2
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture('Compton.mp4')
success,image = vidcap.read()
count = 0
success = True
while success:
  success,image = vidcap.read()
  cv2.imwrite("frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file
  if cv2.waitKey(10) == 27:                     # exit if Escape is hit
      break
  count += 1

Also, in the comments it says that this limits the frames to 1000? Why?

EDIT: I tried doing success = True first but that didn’t help. It only created one image that was 0 bytes.


回答 0

这里下载此视频,以便我们拥有用于测试的相同视频文件。确保将mp4文件放在python代码的同一目录中。然后还要确保从同一目录运行python解释器。

然后修改代码,waitKey浪费时间也没有窗口,它无法捕获键盘事件。另外,我们打印该success值以确保它已成功读取帧。

import cv2
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture('big_buck_bunny_720p_5mb.mp4')
success,image = vidcap.read()
count = 0
while success:
  cv2.imwrite("frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file      
  success,image = vidcap.read()
  print('Read a new frame: ', success)
  count += 1

怎么样了?

From here download this video so we have the same video file for the test. Make sure to have that mp4 file in the same directory of your python code. Then also make sure to run the python interpreter from the same directory.

Then modify the code, ditch waitKey that’s wasting time also without a window it cannot capture the keyboard events. Also we print the success value to make sure it’s reading the frames successfully.

import cv2
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture('big_buck_bunny_720p_5mb.mp4')
success,image = vidcap.read()
count = 0
while success:
  cv2.imwrite("frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file      
  success,image = vidcap.read()
  print('Read a new frame: ', success)
  count += 1

How does that go?


回答 1

如果有人不想提取每一帧,但想每秒钟提取一帧,则针对稍有不同的情况扩展此问题(@ user2700065的答案)。因此,一分钟的视频将提供60帧(图像)。

import sys
import argparse

import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)

def extractImages(pathIn, pathOut):
    count = 0
    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(pathIn)
    success,image = vidcap.read()
    success = True
    while success:
        vidcap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC,(count*1000))    # added this line 
        success,image = vidcap.read()
        print ('Read a new frame: ', success)
        cv2.imwrite( pathOut + "\\frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file
        count = count + 1

if __name__=="__main__":
    a = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    a.add_argument("--pathIn", help="path to video")
    a.add_argument("--pathOut", help="path to images")
    args = a.parse_args()
    print(args)
    extractImages(args.pathIn, args.pathOut)

To extend on this question (& answer by @user2700065) for a slightly different cases, if anyone does not want to extract every frame but wants to extract frame every one second. So a 1-minute video will give 60 frames(images).

import sys
import argparse

import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)

def extractImages(pathIn, pathOut):
    count = 0
    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(pathIn)
    success,image = vidcap.read()
    success = True
    while success:
        vidcap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC,(count*1000))    # added this line 
        success,image = vidcap.read()
        print ('Read a new frame: ', success)
        cv2.imwrite( pathOut + "\\frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file
        count = count + 1

if __name__=="__main__":
    a = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    a.add_argument("--pathIn", help="path to video")
    a.add_argument("--pathOut", help="path to images")
    args = a.parse_args()
    print(args)
    extractImages(args.pathIn, args.pathOut)

回答 2

这是来自@GShocked的python 3.x以前答案的调整,我将其发布到注释中,但信誉不足

import sys
import argparse

import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)

def extractImages(pathIn, pathOut):
    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(pathIn)
    success,image = vidcap.read()
    count = 0
    success = True
    while success:
      success,image = vidcap.read()
      print ('Read a new frame: ', success)
      cv2.imwrite( pathOut + "\\frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file
      count += 1

if __name__=="__main__":
    print("aba")
    a = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    a.add_argument("--pathIn", help="path to video")
    a.add_argument("--pathOut", help="path to images")
    args = a.parse_args()
    print(args)
    extractImages(args.pathIn, args.pathOut)

This is a tweak from previous answer for python 3.x from @GShocked, I would post it to the comment, but dont have enough reputation

import sys
import argparse

import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)

def extractImages(pathIn, pathOut):
    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(pathIn)
    success,image = vidcap.read()
    count = 0
    success = True
    while success:
      success,image = vidcap.read()
      print ('Read a new frame: ', success)
      cv2.imwrite( pathOut + "\\frame%d.jpg" % count, image)     # save frame as JPEG file
      count += 1

if __name__=="__main__":
    print("aba")
    a = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    a.add_argument("--pathIn", help="path to video")
    a.add_argument("--pathOut", help="path to images")
    args = a.parse_args()
    print(args)
    extractImages(args.pathIn, args.pathOut)

回答 3

此功能可将大多数视频格式转换为视频中的帧数。它的工作原理上Python3OpenCV 3+

import cv2
import time
import os

def video_to_frames(input_loc, output_loc):
    """Function to extract frames from input video file
    and save them as separate frames in an output directory.
    Args:
        input_loc: Input video file.
        output_loc: Output directory to save the frames.
    Returns:
        None
    """
    try:
        os.mkdir(output_loc)
    except OSError:
        pass
    # Log the time
    time_start = time.time()
    # Start capturing the feed
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(input_loc)
    # Find the number of frames
    video_length = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT)) - 1
    print ("Number of frames: ", video_length)
    count = 0
    print ("Converting video..\n")
    # Start converting the video
    while cap.isOpened():
        # Extract the frame
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        # Write the results back to output location.
        cv2.imwrite(output_loc + "/%#05d.jpg" % (count+1), frame)
        count = count + 1
        # If there are no more frames left
        if (count > (video_length-1)):
            # Log the time again
            time_end = time.time()
            # Release the feed
            cap.release()
            # Print stats
            print ("Done extracting frames.\n%d frames extracted" % count)
            print ("It took %d seconds forconversion." % (time_end-time_start))
            break

if __name__=="__main__":

    input_loc = '/path/to/video/00009.MTS'
    output_loc = '/path/to/output/frames/'
    video_to_frames(input_loc, output_loc)

它支持.mts和普通文件,例如.mp4.avi。在.mts文件上尝试和测试。奇迹般有效。

This is Function which will convert most of the video formats to number of frames there are in the video. It works on Python3 with OpenCV 3+

import cv2
import time
import os

def video_to_frames(input_loc, output_loc):
    """Function to extract frames from input video file
    and save them as separate frames in an output directory.
    Args:
        input_loc: Input video file.
        output_loc: Output directory to save the frames.
    Returns:
        None
    """
    try:
        os.mkdir(output_loc)
    except OSError:
        pass
    # Log the time
    time_start = time.time()
    # Start capturing the feed
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(input_loc)
    # Find the number of frames
    video_length = int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT)) - 1
    print ("Number of frames: ", video_length)
    count = 0
    print ("Converting video..\n")
    # Start converting the video
    while cap.isOpened():
        # Extract the frame
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        # Write the results back to output location.
        cv2.imwrite(output_loc + "/%#05d.jpg" % (count+1), frame)
        count = count + 1
        # If there are no more frames left
        if (count > (video_length-1)):
            # Log the time again
            time_end = time.time()
            # Release the feed
            cap.release()
            # Print stats
            print ("Done extracting frames.\n%d frames extracted" % count)
            print ("It took %d seconds forconversion." % (time_end-time_start))
            break

if __name__=="__main__":

    input_loc = '/path/to/video/00009.MTS'
    output_loc = '/path/to/output/frames/'
    video_to_frames(input_loc, output_loc)

It supports .mts and normal files like .mp4 and .avi. Tried and Tested on .mts files. Works like a Charm.


回答 4

经过大量有关如何将帧转换为视频的研究,我创建了此功能,希望对您有所帮助。为此,我们需要opencv:

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os

def frames_to_video(inputpath,outputpath,fps):
   image_array = []
   files = [f for f in os.listdir(inputpath) if isfile(join(inputpath, f))]
   files.sort(key = lambda x: int(x[5:-4]))
   for i in range(len(files)):
       img = cv2.imread(inputpath + files[i])
       size =  (img.shape[1],img.shape[0])
       img = cv2.resize(img,size)
       image_array.append(img)
   fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc('D', 'I', 'V', 'X')
   out = cv2.VideoWriter(outputpath,fourcc, fps, size)
   for i in range(len(image_array)):
       out.write(image_array[i])
   out.release()


inputpath = 'folder path'
outpath =  'video file path/video.mp4'
fps = 29
frames_to_video(inputpath,outpath,fps)

根据您自己的本地位置更改fps(帧/秒),输入文件夹路径和输出文件夹路径的值

After a lot of research on how to convert frames to video I have created this function hope this helps. We require opencv for this:

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os

def frames_to_video(inputpath,outputpath,fps):
   image_array = []
   files = [f for f in os.listdir(inputpath) if isfile(join(inputpath, f))]
   files.sort(key = lambda x: int(x[5:-4]))
   for i in range(len(files)):
       img = cv2.imread(inputpath + files[i])
       size =  (img.shape[1],img.shape[0])
       img = cv2.resize(img,size)
       image_array.append(img)
   fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc('D', 'I', 'V', 'X')
   out = cv2.VideoWriter(outputpath,fourcc, fps, size)
   for i in range(len(image_array)):
       out.write(image_array[i])
   out.release()


inputpath = 'folder path'
outpath =  'video file path/video.mp4'
fps = 29
frames_to_video(inputpath,outpath,fps)

change the value of fps(frames per second),input folder path and output folder path according to your own local locations


回答 5

先前的答案丢失了第一帧。而且最好将图像存储在文件夹中。

# create a folder to store extracted images
import os
folder = 'test'  
os.mkdir(folder)
# use opencv to do the job
import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)  # my version is 3.1.0
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture('test_video.mp4')
count = 0
while True:
    success,image = vidcap.read()
    if not success:
        break
    cv2.imwrite(os.path.join(folder,"frame{:d}.jpg".format(count)), image)     # save frame as JPEG file
    count += 1
print("{} images are extacted in {}.".format(count,folder))

顺便说一下,您可以通过VLC 检查帧率。转到Windows->媒体信息->编解码器详细信息

The previous answers have lost the first frame. And it will be nice to store the images in a folder.

# create a folder to store extracted images
import os
folder = 'test'  
os.mkdir(folder)
# use opencv to do the job
import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)  # my version is 3.1.0
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture('test_video.mp4')
count = 0
while True:
    success,image = vidcap.read()
    if not success:
        break
    cv2.imwrite(os.path.join(folder,"frame{:d}.jpg".format(count)), image)     # save frame as JPEG file
    count += 1
print("{} images are extacted in {}.".format(count,folder))

By the way, you can check the frame rate by VLC. Go to windows -> media information -> codec details


回答 6

此代码从视频中提取帧并将帧保存为.jpg formate

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os

# set video file path of input video with name and extension
vid = cv2.VideoCapture('VideoPath')


if not os.path.exists('images'):
    os.makedirs('images')

#for frame identity
index = 0
while(True):
    # Extract images
    ret, frame = vid.read()
    # end of frames
    if not ret: 
        break
    # Saves images
    name = './images/frame' + str(index) + '.jpg'
    print ('Creating...' + name)
    cv2.imwrite(name, frame)

    # next frame
    index += 1

This code extract frames from the video and save the frames in .jpg formate

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os

# set video file path of input video with name and extension
vid = cv2.VideoCapture('VideoPath')


if not os.path.exists('images'):
    os.makedirs('images')

#for frame identity
index = 0
while(True):
    # Extract images
    ret, frame = vid.read()
    # end of frames
    if not ret: 
        break
    # Saves images
    name = './images/frame' + str(index) + '.jpg'
    print ('Creating...' + name)
    cv2.imwrite(name, frame)

    # next frame
    index += 1

回答 7

我正在通过Anaconda的Spyder软件使用Python。使用@Gshocked在此线程问题中列出的原始代码,该代码不起作用(Python无法读取mp4文件)。因此,我下载了OpenCV 3.2,并从“ bin”文件夹中复制了“ opencv_ffmpeg320.dll”和“ opencv_ffmpeg320_64.dll”。我将这两个dll文件都粘贴到了Anaconda的“ Dlls”文件夹中。

Anaconda也有一个“ pckgs”文件夹…我复制并粘贴了我下载到Anaconda“ pckgs”文件夹中的整个“ OpenCV 3.2”文件夹。

最后,Anaconda有一个“ Library”文件夹,其中有一个“ bin”子文件夹。我将“ opencv_ffmpeg320.dll”和“ opencv_ffmpeg320_64.dll”文件粘贴到该文件夹​​中。

关闭并重新启动Spyder之后,代码即可正常工作。我不确定这三种方法中的哪一种有效,而且我懒得回头再去弄清楚。但这很奏效,欢呼!

I am using Python via Anaconda’s Spyder software. Using the original code listed in the question of this thread by @Gshocked, the code does not work (the python won’t read the mp4 file). So I downloaded OpenCV 3.2 and copied “opencv_ffmpeg320.dll” and “opencv_ffmpeg320_64.dll” from the “bin” folder. I pasted both of these dll files to Anaconda’s “Dlls” folder.

Anaconda also has a “pckgs” folder…I copied and pasted the entire “OpenCV 3.2” folder that I downloaded to the Anaconda “pckgs” folder.

Finally, Anaconda has a “Library” folder which has a “bin” subfolder. I pasted the “opencv_ffmpeg320.dll” and “opencv_ffmpeg320_64.dll” files to that folder.

After closing and restarting Spyder, the code worked. I’m not sure which of the three methods worked, and I’m too lazy to go back and figure it out. But it works so, cheers!


回答 8

此功能以1 fps的速度从视频中提取图像,此外它还标识最后一帧并停止读取:

import cv2
import numpy as np

def extract_image_one_fps(video_source_path):

    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(video_source_path)
    count = 0
    success = True
    while success:
      vidcap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC,(count*1000))      
      success,image = vidcap.read()

      ## Stop when last frame is identified
      image_last = cv2.imread("frame{}.png".format(count-1))
      if np.array_equal(image,image_last):
          break

      cv2.imwrite("frame%d.png" % count, image)     # save frame as PNG file
      print '{}.sec reading a new frame: {} '.format(count,success)
      count += 1

This function extracts images from video with 1 fps, IN ADDITION it identifies the last frame and stops reading also:

import cv2
import numpy as np

def extract_image_one_fps(video_source_path):

    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(video_source_path)
    count = 0
    success = True
    while success:
      vidcap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC,(count*1000))      
      success,image = vidcap.read()

      ## Stop when last frame is identified
      image_last = cv2.imread("frame{}.png".format(count-1))
      if np.array_equal(image,image_last):
          break

      cv2.imwrite("frame%d.png" % count, image)     # save frame as PNG file
      print '{}.sec reading a new frame: {} '.format(count,success)
      count += 1

回答 9

以下脚本将每隔半秒提取一次文件夹中所有视频的帧。(适用于python 3.7)

import cv2
import os
listing = os.listdir(r'D:/Images/AllVideos')
count=1
for vid in listing:
    vid = r"D:/Images/AllVideos/"+vid
    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(vid)
    def getFrame(sec):
        vidcap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC,sec*1000)
        hasFrames,image = vidcap.read()
        if hasFrames:
            cv2.imwrite("D:/Images/Frames/image"+str(count)+".jpg", image) # Save frame as JPG file
        return hasFrames
    sec = 0
    frameRate = 0.5 # Change this number to 1 for each 1 second
    
    success = getFrame(sec)
    while success:
        count = count + 1
        sec = sec + frameRate
        sec = round(sec, 2)
        success = getFrame(sec)

Following script will extract frames every half a second of all videos in folder. (Works on python 3.7)

import cv2
import os
listing = os.listdir(r'D:/Images/AllVideos')
count=1
for vid in listing:
    vid = r"D:/Images/AllVideos/"+vid
    vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(vid)
    def getFrame(sec):
        vidcap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC,sec*1000)
        hasFrames,image = vidcap.read()
        if hasFrames:
            cv2.imwrite("D:/Images/Frames/image"+str(count)+".jpg", image) # Save frame as JPG file
        return hasFrames
    sec = 0
    frameRate = 0.5 # Change this number to 1 for each 1 second
    
    success = getFrame(sec)
    while success:
        count = count + 1
        sec = sec + frameRate
        sec = round(sec, 2)
        success = getFrame(sec)