将日期时间格式化为字符串(以毫秒为单位)

问题:将日期时间格式化为字符串(以毫秒为单位)

我想datetime从日期起以毫秒为单位的字符串。这段代码对我来说很典型,我很想学习如何缩短它。

from datetime import datetime

timeformatted= str(datetime.utcnow())
semiformatted= timeformatted.replace("-","")
almostformatted= semiformatted.replace(":","")
formatted=almostformatted.replace(".","")
withspacegoaway=formatted.replace(" ","")
formattedstripped=withspacegoaway.strip()
print formattedstripped

I want to have a datetime string from the date with milliseconds. This code is typical for me and I’m eager to learn how to shorten it.

from datetime import datetime

timeformatted= str(datetime.utcnow())
semiformatted= timeformatted.replace("-","")
almostformatted= semiformatted.replace(":","")
formatted=almostformatted.replace(".","")
withspacegoaway=formatted.replace(" ","")
formattedstripped=withspacegoaway.strip()
print formattedstripped

回答 0

要获取带有毫秒的日期字符串(秒后3个小数位),请使用以下命令:

from datetime import datetime

print datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]

>>>> OUTPUT >>>>
2020-05-04 10:18:32.926

注意:对于Python3,print需要括号:

print(datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3])

To get a date string with milliseconds (3 decimal places behind seconds), use this:

from datetime import datetime

print datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]

>>>> OUTPUT >>>>
2020-05-04 10:18:32.926

Note: For Python3, print requires parentheses:

print(datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3])

回答 1

使用Python 3.6,您可以使用:

from datetime import datetime
datetime.utcnow().isoformat(sep=' ', timespec='milliseconds')

输出:

'2019-05-10 09:08:53.155'

此处提供更多信息:https : //docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime.isoformat

With Python 3.6 you can use:

from datetime import datetime
datetime.utcnow().isoformat(sep=' ', timespec='milliseconds')

Output:

'2019-05-10 09:08:53.155'

More info here: https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime.isoformat


回答 2

print datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')

http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior


回答 3

@Cabbi提出了一个问题,在某些系统上,微秒格式%f可能会给"0",因此简单地切掉最后三个字符不是可移植的。

以下代码精心设置了以毫秒为单位的时间戳记格式:

from datetime import datetime
(dt, micro) = datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f').split('.')
dt = "%s.%03d" % (dt, int(micro) / 1000)
print dt

示例输出:

2016-02-26 04:37:53.133

为了获得OP想要的确切输出,我们必须去除标点符号:

from datetime import datetime
(dt, micro) = datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S.%f').split('.')
dt = "%s%03d" % (dt, int(micro) / 1000)
print dt

示例输出:

20160226043839901

@Cabbi raised the issue that on some systems, the microseconds format %f may give "0", so it’s not portable to simply chop off the last three characters.

The following code carefully formats a timestamp with milliseconds:

from datetime import datetime
(dt, micro) = datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f').split('.')
dt = "%s.%03d" % (dt, int(micro) / 1000)
print dt

Example Output:

2016-02-26 04:37:53.133

To get the exact output that the OP wanted, we have to strip punctuation characters:

from datetime import datetime
(dt, micro) = datetime.utcnow().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S.%f').split('.')
dt = "%s%03d" % (dt, int(micro) / 1000)
print dt

Example Output:

20160226043839901

回答 4

大概是这样的:

import datetime
now = datetime.datetime.now()
now.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]  
# [:-3] => Removing the 3 last characters as %f is for microsecs.

Probably like this :

import datetime
now = datetime.datetime.now()
now.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]  
# [:-3] => Removing the 3 last characters as %f is for microsecs.

回答 5

我假设您的意思是您正在寻找比datetime.datetime.strftime()更快的东西,并且实际上是在从utc时间戳中剥离非字母字符。

您的方法稍微快一点,我认为您可以通过分割字符串来进一步加快速度:

>>> import timeit
>>> t=timeit.Timer('datetime.utcnow().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f")','''
... from datetime import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
116.15451288223267

>>> def replaceutc(s):
...     return s\
...         .replace('-','') \
...         .replace(':','') \
...         .replace('.','') \
...         .replace(' ','') \
...         .strip()
... 
>>> t=timeit.Timer('replaceutc(str(datetime.datetime.utcnow()))','''
... from __main__ import replaceutc
... import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
77.96774983406067

>>> def sliceutc(s):
...     return s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:]
... 
>>> t=timeit.Timer('sliceutc(str(datetime.utcnow()))','''
... from __main__ import sliceutc
... from datetime import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
62.378515005111694

I assume you mean you’re looking for something that is faster than datetime.datetime.strftime(), and are essentially stripping the non-alpha characters from a utc timestamp.

You’re approach is marginally faster, and I think you can speed things up even more by slicing the string:

>>> import timeit
>>> t=timeit.Timer('datetime.utcnow().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f")','''
... from datetime import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
116.15451288223267

>>> def replaceutc(s):
...     return s\
...         .replace('-','') \
...         .replace(':','') \
...         .replace('.','') \
...         .replace(' ','') \
...         .strip()
... 
>>> t=timeit.Timer('replaceutc(str(datetime.datetime.utcnow()))','''
... from __main__ import replaceutc
... import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
77.96774983406067

>>> def sliceutc(s):
...     return s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:]
... 
>>> t=timeit.Timer('sliceutc(str(datetime.utcnow()))','''
... from __main__ import sliceutc
... from datetime import datetime''')
>>> t.timeit(number=10000000)
62.378515005111694

回答 6

from datetime import datetime
from time import clock

t = datetime.utcnow()
print 't == %s    %s\n\n' % (t,type(t))

n = 100000

te = clock()
for i in xrange(1):
    t_stripped = t.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," t.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')"

print

te = clock()
for i in xrange(1):
    t_stripped = str(t).replace('-','').replace(':','').replace('.','').replace(' ','')
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," str(t).replace('-','').replace(':','').replace('.','').replace(' ','')"

print

te = clock()
for i in xrange(n):
    t_stripped = str(t).translate(None,' -:.')
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," str(t).translate(None,' -:.')"

print

te = clock()
for i in xrange(n):
    s = str(t)
    t_stripped = s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:] 
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:] "

结果

t == 2011-09-28 21:31:45.562000    <type 'datetime.datetime'>


3.33410112179
20110928212155046000  t.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')

1.17067364707
20110928212130453000 str(t).replace('-','').replace(':','').replace('.','').replace(' ','')

0.658806915404
20110928212130453000 str(t).translate(None,' -:.')

0.645189262881
20110928212130453000 s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:]

使用转换()切片方法在同一时间运行
转换()呈现优点是在一条线可用

在第一个基础上比较时间:

1.000 * t.strftime(’%Y%m%d %% H%M%S%f’)

0.351 * str(t).replace(’-‘,”)。replace(’:’,”)。replace(’。’,”)。replace(”,”)

0.198 * str(t).translate(无,’-:.’)

0.194 * s [:4] + s [5:7] + s [8:10] + s [11:13] + s [14:16] + s [17:19] + s [20:]

from datetime import datetime
from time import clock

t = datetime.utcnow()
print 't == %s    %s\n\n' % (t,type(t))

n = 100000

te = clock()
for i in xrange(1):
    t_stripped = t.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," t.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')"

print

te = clock()
for i in xrange(1):
    t_stripped = str(t).replace('-','').replace(':','').replace('.','').replace(' ','')
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," str(t).replace('-','').replace(':','').replace('.','').replace(' ','')"

print

te = clock()
for i in xrange(n):
    t_stripped = str(t).translate(None,' -:.')
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," str(t).translate(None,' -:.')"

print

te = clock()
for i in xrange(n):
    s = str(t)
    t_stripped = s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:] 
print clock()-te
print t_stripped," s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:] "

result

t == 2011-09-28 21:31:45.562000    <type 'datetime.datetime'>


3.33410112179
20110928212155046000  t.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f')

1.17067364707
20110928212130453000 str(t).replace('-','').replace(':','').replace('.','').replace(' ','')

0.658806915404
20110928212130453000 str(t).translate(None,' -:.')

0.645189262881
20110928212130453000 s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:]

Use of translate() and slicing method run in same time
translate() presents the advantage to be usable in one line

Comparing the times on the basis of the first one:

1.000 * t.strftime(‘%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f’)

0.351 * str(t).replace(‘-‘,”).replace(‘:’,”).replace(‘.’,”).replace(‘ ‘,”)

0.198 * str(t).translate(None,’ -:.’)

0.194 * s[:4] + s[5:7] + s[8:10] + s[11:13] + s[14:16] + s[17:19] + s[20:]


回答 7

我处理了同样的问题,但就我而言,重要的是毫秒是四舍五入而不是被截断的

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def strftime_ms(datetime_obj):
    y,m,d,H,M,S = datetime_obj.timetuple()[:6]
    ms = timedelta(microseconds = round(datetime_obj.microsecond/1000.0)*1000)
    ms_date = datetime(y,m,d,H,M,S) + ms
    return ms_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]

I dealt with the same problem but in my case it was important that the millisecond was rounded and not truncated

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def strftime_ms(datetime_obj):
    y,m,d,H,M,S = datetime_obj.timetuple()[:6]
    ms = timedelta(microseconds = round(datetime_obj.microsecond/1000.0)*1000)
    ms_date = datetime(y,m,d,H,M,S) + ms
    return ms_date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')[:-3]

回答 8

import datetime

# convert string into date time format.

str_date = '2016-10-06 15:14:54.322989'
d_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(str_date , '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')
print(d_date)
print(type(d_date)) # check d_date type.


# convert date time to regular format.

reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p")
print(reg_format_date)

# some other date formats.
reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p")
print(reg_format_date)
reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(reg_format_date)

<<<<<<输出>>>>>>>

2016-10-06 15:14:54.322989    
<class 'datetime.datetime'>    
06 October 2016 03:14:54 PM    
2016-10-06 03:14:54 PM    
2016-10-06 15:14:54
import datetime

# convert string into date time format.

str_date = '2016-10-06 15:14:54.322989'
d_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(str_date , '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')
print(d_date)
print(type(d_date)) # check d_date type.


# convert date time to regular format.

reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%d %B %Y %I:%M:%S %p")
print(reg_format_date)

# some other date formats.
reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p")
print(reg_format_date)
reg_format_date = d_date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(reg_format_date)

<<<<<< OUTPUT >>>>>>>

2016-10-06 15:14:54.322989    
<class 'datetime.datetime'>    
06 October 2016 03:14:54 PM    
2016-10-06 03:14:54 PM    
2016-10-06 15:14:54

回答 9

python -c "from datetime import datetime; print str(datetime.now())[:-3]"
2017-02-09 10:06:37.006
python -c "from datetime import datetime; print str(datetime.now())[:-3]"
2017-02-09 10:06:37.006

回答 10

datetime
t = datetime.datetime.now()
ms = '%s.%i' % (t.strftime('%H:%M:%S'), t.microsecond/1000)
print(ms)
14:44:37.134
datetime
t = datetime.datetime.now()
ms = '%s.%i' % (t.strftime('%H:%M:%S'), t.microsecond/1000)
print(ms)
14:44:37.134

回答 11

问题所在 datetime.utcnow()和其他此类解决方案在于它们的速度很慢。

更有效的解决方案可能是这样的:

def _timestamp(prec=0):
    t = time.time()
    s = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(t))
    if prec > 0:
        s += ("%.9f" % (t % 1,))[1:2+prec]
    return s

prec会在哪里3你的情况(毫秒)。

该功能最多可保留9位小数(请注意编号 9在第二个格式化字符串中输入)。

如果您想舍入小数部分,建议您"%.9f"动态构建所需的小数位数。

The problem with datetime.utcnow() and other such solutions is that they are slow.

More efficient solution may look like this one:

def _timestamp(prec=0):
    t = time.time()
    s = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(t))
    if prec > 0:
        s += ("%.9f" % (t % 1,))[1:2+prec]
    return s

Where prec would be 3 in your case (milliseconds).

The function works up to 9 decimal places (please note number 9 in the 2nd formatting string).

If you’d like to round the fractional part, I’d suggest building "%.9f" dynamically with desired number of decimal places.