问题：在其他两个日期之间生成一个随机日期
如何生成必须在其他两个给定日期之间的随机日期？
该函数的签名应如下所示：
random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", 0.34)
^ ^ ^
date generated has date generated has a random number
to be after this to be before this
并返回一个日期，例如： 2/4/2008 7:20 PM
How would I generate a random date that has to be between two other given dates?
The function’s signature should be something like this:
random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", 0.34)
^ ^ ^
date generated has date generated has a random number
to be after this to be before this
and would return a date such as: 2/4/2008 7:20 PM
回答 0
将两个字符串都转换为时间戳（以您选择的分辨率为单位，例如毫秒，秒，小时，天等），从后一个减去前一个，将您的随机数（假设分布在中range [0, 1]）乘以该差，然后再次加较早的一个。将时间戳转换回日期字符串，并且您在该范围内有一个随机时间。
Python示例（输出几乎是您指定的格式，而不是0填充-归咎于美国时间格式约定）：
import random
import time
def str_time_prop(start, end, format, prop):
"""Get a time at a proportion of a range of two formatted times.
start and end should be strings specifying times formated in the
given format (strftime-style), giving an interval [start, end].
prop specifies how a proportion of the interval to be taken after
start. The returned time will be in the specified format.
"""
stime = time.mktime(time.strptime(start, format))
etime = time.mktime(time.strptime(end, format))
ptime = stime + prop * (etime - stime)
return time.strftime(format, time.localtime(ptime))
def random_date(start, end, prop):
return str_time_prop(start, end, '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p', prop)
print(random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", random.random()))
Convert both strings to timestamps (in your chosen resolution, e.g. milliseconds, seconds, hours, days, whatever), subtract the earlier from the later, multiply your random number (assuming it is distributed in the range [0, 1]) with that difference, and add again to the earlier one. Convert the timestamp back to date string and you have a random time in that range.
Python example (output is almost in the format you specified, other than 0 padding – blame the American time format conventions):
import random
import time
def str_time_prop(start, end, format, prop):
"""Get a time at a proportion of a range of two formatted times.
start and end should be strings specifying times formated in the
given format (strftime-style), giving an interval [start, end].
prop specifies how a proportion of the interval to be taken after
start. The returned time will be in the specified format.
"""
stime = time.mktime(time.strptime(start, format))
etime = time.mktime(time.strptime(end, format))
ptime = stime + prop * (etime - stime)
return time.strftime(format, time.localtime(ptime))
def random_date(start, end, prop):
return str_time_prop(start, end, '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p', prop)
print(random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", random.random()))
回答 1
from random import randrange
from datetime import timedelta
def random_date(start, end):
"""
This function will return a random datetime between two datetime
objects.
"""
delta = end - start
int_delta = (delta.days * 24 * 60 * 60) + delta.seconds
random_second = randrange(int_delta)
return start + timedelta(seconds=random_second)
精度是秒。如果需要，您可以将精度提高到微秒，或降低到半小时。为此，只需更改最后一行的计算即可。
示例运行：
from datetime import datetime
d1 = datetime.strptime('1/1/2008 1:30 PM', '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p')
d2 = datetime.strptime('1/1/2009 4:50 AM', '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p')
print(random_date(d1, d2))
输出：
2008-12-04 01:50:17
from random import randrange
from datetime import timedelta
def random_date(start, end):
"""
This function will return a random datetime between two datetime
objects.
"""
delta = end - start
int_delta = (delta.days * 24 * 60 * 60) + delta.seconds
random_second = randrange(int_delta)
return start + timedelta(seconds=random_second)
The precision is seconds. You can increase precision up to microseconds, or decrease to, say, half-hours, if you want. For that just change the last line’s calculation.
example run:
from datetime import datetime
d1 = datetime.strptime('1/1/2008 1:30 PM', '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p')
d2 = datetime.strptime('1/1/2009 4:50 AM', '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p')
print(random_date(d1, d2))
output:
2008-12-04 01:50:17
回答 2
一个小版本。
import datetime
import random
def random_date(start, end):
"""Generate a random datetime between `start` and `end`"""
return start + datetime.timedelta(
# Get a random amount of seconds between `start` and `end`
seconds=random.randint(0, int((end - start).total_seconds())),
)
请注意，start和end参数都应该是datetime对象。如果您有字符串，则很容易转换。其他答案指出了这样做的一些方法。
A tiny version.
import datetime
import random
def random_date(start, end):
"""Generate a random datetime between `start` and `end`"""
return start + datetime.timedelta(
# Get a random amount of seconds between `start` and `end`
seconds=random.randint(0, int((end - start).total_seconds())),
)
Note that both start and end arguments should be datetime objects. If
you’ve got strings instead, it’s fairly easy to convert. The other answers point
to some ways to do so.
回答 3
更新的答案
使用Faker甚至更简单。
安装
pip install faker
用法：
from faker import Faker
fake = Faker()
fake.date_between(start_date='today', end_date='+30y')
# datetime.date(2025, 3, 12)
fake.date_time_between(start_date='-30y', end_date='now')
# datetime.datetime(2007, 2, 28, 11, 28, 16)
# Or if you need a more specific date boundaries, provide the start
# and end dates explicitly.
import datetime
start_date = datetime.date(year=2015, month=1, day=1)
fake.date_between(start_date=start_date, end_date='+30y')
旧答案
使用雷达非常简单
安装
pip install radar
用法
import datetime
import radar
# Generate random datetime (parsing dates from str values)
radar.random_datetime(start='2000-05-24', stop='2013-05-24T23:59:59')
# Generate random datetime from datetime.datetime values
radar.random_datetime(
start = datetime.datetime(year=2000, month=5, day=24),
stop = datetime.datetime(year=2013, month=5, day=24)
)
# Just render some random datetime. If no range is given, start defaults to
# 1970-01-01 and stop defaults to datetime.datetime.now()
radar.random_datetime()
Updated answer
It’s even more simple using Faker.
Installation
pip install faker
Usage:
from faker import Faker
fake = Faker()
fake.date_between(start_date='today', end_date='+30y')
# datetime.date(2025, 3, 12)
fake.date_time_between(start_date='-30y', end_date='now')
# datetime.datetime(2007, 2, 28, 11, 28, 16)
# Or if you need a more specific date boundaries, provide the start
# and end dates explicitly.
import datetime
start_date = datetime.date(year=2015, month=1, day=1)
fake.date_between(start_date=start_date, end_date='+30y')
Old answer
It’s very simple using radar
Installation
pip install radar
Usage
import datetime
import radar
# Generate random datetime (parsing dates from str values)
radar.random_datetime(start='2000-05-24', stop='2013-05-24T23:59:59')
# Generate random datetime from datetime.datetime values
radar.random_datetime(
start = datetime.datetime(year=2000, month=5, day=24),
stop = datetime.datetime(year=2013, month=5, day=24)
)
# Just render some random datetime. If no range is given, start defaults to
# 1970-01-01 and stop defaults to datetime.datetime.now()
radar.random_datetime()
回答 4
这是另一种方法-这种工作。
from random import randint
import datetime
date=datetime.date(randint(2005,2025), randint(1,12),randint(1,28))
更好的方法
startdate=datetime.date(YYYY,MM,DD)
date=startdate+datetime.timedelta(randint(1,365))
This is a different approach – that sort of works..
from random import randint
import datetime
date=datetime.date(randint(2005,2025), randint(1,12),randint(1,28))
BETTER APPROACH
startdate=datetime.date(YYYY,MM,DD)
date=startdate+datetime.timedelta(randint(1,365))
回答 5
由于Python 3 timedelta支持浮点数乘法，因此现在您可以执行以下操作：
import random
random_date = start + (end - start) * random.random()
鉴于start和end是类型的datetime.datetime。例如，要在第二天生成一个随机的日期时间：
import random
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
start = datetime.now()
end = start + timedelta(days=1)
random_date = start + (end - start) * random.random()
Since Python 3 timedelta supports multiplication with floats, so now you can do:
import random
random_date = start + (end - start) * random.random()
given that start and end are of the type datetime.datetime. For example, to generate a random datetime within the next day:
import random
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
start = datetime.now()
end = start + timedelta(days=1)
random_date = start + (end - start) * random.random()
回答 6
要使用基于熊猫的解决方案，我使用：
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
def random_date(start, end, position=None):
start, end = pd.Timestamp(start), pd.Timestamp(end)
delta = (end - start).total_seconds()
if position is None:
offset = np.random.uniform(0., delta)
else:
offset = position * delta
offset = pd.offsets.Second(offset)
t = start + offset
return t
我喜欢它，因为很好 pd.Timestamp出色功能使我可以抛出不同的内容和格式。考虑以下几个示例…
你的签名。
>>> random_date(start="1/1/2008 1:30 PM", end="1/1/2009 4:50 AM", position=0.34)
Timestamp('2008-05-04 21:06:48', tz=None)
随机位置。
>>> random_date(start="1/1/2008 1:30 PM", end="1/1/2009 4:50 AM")
Timestamp('2008-10-21 05:30:10', tz=None)
不同的格式。
>>> random_date('2008-01-01 13:30', '2009-01-01 4:50')
Timestamp('2008-11-18 17:20:19', tz=None)
直接传递熊猫/日期时间对象。
>>> random_date(pd.datetime.now(), pd.datetime.now() + pd.offsets.Hour(3))
Timestamp('2014-03-06 14:51:16.035965', tz=None)
To chip in a pandas-based solution I use:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
def random_date(start, end, position=None):
start, end = pd.Timestamp(start), pd.Timestamp(end)
delta = (end - start).total_seconds()
if position is None:
offset = np.random.uniform(0., delta)
else:
offset = position * delta
offset = pd.offsets.Second(offset)
t = start + offset
return t
I like it, because of the nice pd.Timestamp features that allow me to throw different stuff and formats at it. Consider the following few examples…
Your signature.
>>> random_date(start="1/1/2008 1:30 PM", end="1/1/2009 4:50 AM", position=0.34)
Timestamp('2008-05-04 21:06:48', tz=None)
Random position.
>>> random_date(start="1/1/2008 1:30 PM", end="1/1/2009 4:50 AM")
Timestamp('2008-10-21 05:30:10', tz=None)
Different format.
>>> random_date('2008-01-01 13:30', '2009-01-01 4:50')
Timestamp('2008-11-18 17:20:19', tz=None)
Passing pandas/datetime objects directly.
>>> random_date(pd.datetime.now(), pd.datetime.now() + pd.offsets.Hour(3))
Timestamp('2014-03-06 14:51:16.035965', tz=None)
回答 7
这是标题标题的字面意思的答案，而不是问题的正文：
import time
import datetime
import random
def date_to_timestamp(d) :
return int(time.mktime(d.timetuple()))
def randomDate(start, end):
"""Get a random date between two dates"""
stime = date_to_timestamp(start)
etime = date_to_timestamp(end)
ptime = stime + random.random() * (etime - stime)
return datetime.date.fromtimestamp(ptime)
这段代码大致基于公认的答案。
Here is an answer to the literal meaning of the title rather than the body of this question:
import time
import datetime
import random
def date_to_timestamp(d) :
return int(time.mktime(d.timetuple()))
def randomDate(start, end):
"""Get a random date between two dates"""
stime = date_to_timestamp(start)
etime = date_to_timestamp(end)
ptime = stime + random.random() * (etime - stime)
return datetime.date.fromtimestamp(ptime)
This code is based loosely on the accepted answer.
回答 8
您可以使用Mixer，
pip install mixer
和，
from mixer import generators as gen
print gen.get_datetime(min_datetime=(1900, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), max_datetime=(2020, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59))
You can Use Mixer,
pip install mixer
and,
from mixer import generators as gen
print gen.get_datetime(min_datetime=(1900, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), max_datetime=(2020, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59))
回答 9
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Create random datetime object."""
from datetime import datetime
import random
def create_random_datetime(from_date, to_date, rand_type='uniform'):
"""
Create random date within timeframe.
Parameters
----------
from_date : datetime object
to_date : datetime object
rand_type : {'uniform'}
Examples
--------
>>> random.seed(28041990)
>>> create_random_datetime(datetime(1990, 4, 28), datetime(2000, 12, 31))
datetime.datetime(1998, 12, 13, 23, 38, 0, 121628)
>>> create_random_datetime(datetime(1990, 4, 28), datetime(2000, 12, 31))
datetime.datetime(2000, 3, 19, 19, 24, 31, 193940)
"""
delta = to_date - from_date
if rand_type == 'uniform':
rand = random.random()
else:
raise NotImplementedError('Unknown random mode \'{}\''
.format(rand_type))
return from_date + rand * delta
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Create random datetime object."""
from datetime import datetime
import random
def create_random_datetime(from_date, to_date, rand_type='uniform'):
"""
Create random date within timeframe.
Parameters
----------
from_date : datetime object
to_date : datetime object
rand_type : {'uniform'}
Examples
--------
>>> random.seed(28041990)
>>> create_random_datetime(datetime(1990, 4, 28), datetime(2000, 12, 31))
datetime.datetime(1998, 12, 13, 23, 38, 0, 121628)
>>> create_random_datetime(datetime(1990, 4, 28), datetime(2000, 12, 31))
datetime.datetime(2000, 3, 19, 19, 24, 31, 193940)
"""
delta = to_date - from_date
if rand_type == 'uniform':
rand = random.random()
else:
raise NotImplementedError('Unknown random mode \'{}\''
.format(rand_type))
return from_date + rand * delta
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
回答 10
将您的日期转换为时间戳并random.randint使用时间戳进行调用，然后将随机生成的时间戳转换回日期：
from datetime import datetime
import random
def random_date(first_date, second_date):
first_timestamp = int(first_date.timestamp())
second_timestamp = int(second_date.timestamp())
random_timestamp = random.randint(first_timestamp, second_timestamp)
return datetime.fromtimestamp(random_timestamp)
那你可以这样用
from datetime import datetime
d1 = datetime.strptime("1/1/2018 1:30 PM", "%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p")
d2 = datetime.strptime("1/1/2019 4:50 AM", "%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p")
random_date(d1, d2)
random_date(d2, d1) # ValueError because the first date comes after the second date
如果您关心时区，则应该date_time_between_dates从Faker库中使用它，因为我已经从中窃取了此代码，因为已经给出了另一个答案。
Convert your dates into timestamps and call random.randint with the timestamps, then convert the randomly generated timestamp back into a date:
from datetime import datetime
import random
def random_date(first_date, second_date):
first_timestamp = int(first_date.timestamp())
second_timestamp = int(second_date.timestamp())
random_timestamp = random.randint(first_timestamp, second_timestamp)
return datetime.fromtimestamp(random_timestamp)
Then you can use it like this
from datetime import datetime
d1 = datetime.strptime("1/1/2018 1:30 PM", "%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p")
d2 = datetime.strptime("1/1/2019 4:50 AM", "%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p")
random_date(d1, d2)
random_date(d2, d1) # ValueError because the first date comes after the second date
If you care about timezones you should just use date_time_between_dates from the Faker library, where I stole this code from, as a different answer already suggests.
回答 11
- 将输入日期转换为数字（整数，浮点数，最适合您的用法）
- 在两个日期数字之间选择一个数字。
- 将此数字转换回日期。
许多操作系统中已经提供了许多用于将日期与数字进行日期转换的算法。
- Convert your input dates to numbers
(int, float, whatever is best for
your usage)
- Choose a number between your two date numbers.
- Convert this number back to a date.
Many algorithms for converting date to and from numbers are already available in many operating systems.
回答 12
您需要什么随机数？通常（取决于语言），您可以从日期开始获取到纪元的秒数/毫秒数。因此，对于startDate和endDate之间的随机日期，您可以执行以下操作：
- 以毫秒为单位计算startDate和endDate之间的时间（endDate.toMilliseconds（）-startDate.toMilliseconds（））
- 生成一个介于0和1之间的数字
- 生成一个新的Date，其时间偏移量= startDate.toMilliseconds（）+ 2中获得的数字
What do you need the random number for? Usually (depending on the language) you can get the number of seconds/milliseconds from the Epoch from a date. So for a randomd date between startDate and endDate you could do:
- compute the time in ms between
startDate and endDate
(endDate.toMilliseconds() –
startDate.toMilliseconds())
- generate a number between 0 and the number you obtained in 1
- generate a new Date with time offset = startDate.toMilliseconds() + number obtained in 2
回答 13
最简单的方法是将两个数字都转换为时间戳，然后将其设置为随机数生成器的最小和最大界限。
一个快速的PHP示例是：
// Find a randomDate between $start_date and $end_date
function randomDate($start_date, $end_date)
{
// Convert to timetamps
$min = strtotime($start_date);
$max = strtotime($end_date);
// Generate random number using above bounds
$val = rand($min, $max);
// Convert back to desired date format
return date('Y-m-d H:i:s', $val);
}
此函数strtotime()用于将日期时间描述转换为Unix时间戳，并date()根据已生成的随机时间戳生成有效日期。
The easiest way of doing this is to convert both numbers to timestamps, then set these as the minimum and maximum bounds on a random number generator.
A quick PHP example would be:
// Find a randomDate between $start_date and $end_date
function randomDate($start_date, $end_date)
{
// Convert to timetamps
$min = strtotime($start_date);
$max = strtotime($end_date);
// Generate random number using above bounds
$val = rand($min, $max);
// Convert back to desired date format
return date('Y-m-d H:i:s', $val);
}
This function makes use of strtotime() to convert a datetime description into a Unix timestamp, and date() to make a valid date out of the random timestamp which has been generated.
回答 14
只是添加另一个：
datestring = datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.datetime( \
random.randint(2000, 2015), \
random.randint(1, 12), \
random.randint(1, 28), \
random.randrange(23), \
random.randrange(59), \
random.randrange(59), \
random.randrange(1000000)), '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
日常处理需要一些注意事项。28岁时，您就在安全的网站上。
Just to add another one:
datestring = datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.datetime( \
random.randint(2000, 2015), \
random.randint(1, 12), \
random.randint(1, 28), \
random.randrange(23), \
random.randrange(59), \
random.randrange(59), \
random.randrange(1000000)), '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
The day handling needs some considerations. With 28 you are on the secure site.
回答 15
这是从emyller的方法修改而来的解决方案，该方法以任何分辨率返回随机日期数组
import numpy as np
def random_dates(start, end, size=1, resolution='s'):
"""
Returns an array of random dates in the interval [start, end]. Valid
resolution arguments are numpy date/time units, as documented at:
https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-dev/reference/arrays.datetime.html
"""
start, end = np.datetime64(start), np.datetime64(end)
delta = (end-start).astype('timedelta64[{}]'.format(resolution))
delta_mat = np.random.randint(0, delta.astype('int'), size)
return start + delta_mat.astype('timedelta64[{}]'.format(resolution))
这种方法的部分优点在于，np.datetime64它确实擅长将日期强制转换为日期，因此您可以将开始/结束日期指定为字符串，日期时间，熊猫时间戳记……几乎所有东西都可以使用。
Here’s a solution modified from emyller’s approach which returns an array of random dates at any resolution
import numpy as np
def random_dates(start, end, size=1, resolution='s'):
"""
Returns an array of random dates in the interval [start, end]. Valid
resolution arguments are numpy date/time units, as documented at:
https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-dev/reference/arrays.datetime.html
"""
start, end = np.datetime64(start), np.datetime64(end)
delta = (end-start).astype('timedelta64[{}]'.format(resolution))
delta_mat = np.random.randint(0, delta.astype('int'), size)
return start + delta_mat.astype('timedelta64[{}]'.format(resolution))
Part of what’s nice about this approach is that np.datetime64 is really good at coercing things to dates, so you can specify your start/end dates as strings, datetimes, pandas timestamps… pretty much anything will work.
回答 16
从概念上讲，这很简单。根据您所使用的语言，您将能够将这些日期转换为参考32或64位整数，通常表示自纪元（1970年1月1日）以来的秒数（否则称为“ Unix时间”）或自某个其他任意日期以来的毫秒数。只需在这两个值之间生成一个随机的32或64位整数。这应该是任何语言的统一班轮。
在某些平台上，您可以将时间生成为两倍（日期是整数部分，时间是小数部分是一种实现）。除了要处理单精度或双精度浮点数（在C，Java和其他语言中为“ floats”或“ doubles”）外，该原理均适用。减去差，乘以随机数（0 <= r <= 1），加到开始时间并完成。
Conceptually it’s quite simple. Depending on which language you’re using you will be able to convert those dates into some reference 32 or 64 bit integer, typically representing seconds since epoch (1 January 1970) otherwise known as “Unix time” or milliseconds since some other arbitrary date. Simply generate a random 32 or 64 bit integer between those two values. This should be a one liner in any language.
On some platforms you can generate a time as a double (date is the integer part, time is the fractional part is one implementation). The same principle applies except you’re dealing with single or double precision floating point numbers (“floats” or “doubles” in C, Java and other languages). Subtract the difference, multiply by random number (0 <= r <= 1), add to start time and done.
回答 17
在python中：
>>> from dateutil.rrule import rrule, DAILY
>>> import datetime, random
>>> random.choice(
list(
rrule(DAILY,
dtstart=datetime.date(2009,8,21),
until=datetime.date(2010,10,12))
)
)
datetime.datetime(2010, 2, 1, 0, 0)
（需要python dateutil库– pip install python-dateutil）
In python:
>>> from dateutil.rrule import rrule, DAILY
>>> import datetime, random
>>> random.choice(
list(
rrule(DAILY,
dtstart=datetime.date(2009,8,21),
until=datetime.date(2010,10,12))
)
)
datetime.datetime(2010, 2, 1, 0, 0)
(need python dateutil library – pip install python-dateutil)
回答 18
使用ApacheCommonUtils生成给定范围内的随机长度，然后在该长度范围之外创建Date。
例：
导入org.apache.commons.math.random.RandomData;
导入org.apache.commons.math.random.RandomDataImpl;
公开日期nextDate（最小日期，最大日期）{
RandomData randomData = new RandomDataImpl();
return new Date(randomData.nextLong(min.getTime(), max.getTime()));
}
Use ApacheCommonUtils to generate a random long within a given range,
and then create Date out of that long.
Example:
import org.apache.commons.math.random.RandomData;
import org.apache.commons.math.random.RandomDataImpl;
public Date nextDate(Date min, Date max) {
RandomData randomData = new RandomDataImpl();
return new Date(randomData.nextLong(min.getTime(), max.getTime()));
}
回答 19
我用随机和时间为另一个项目做了这个。我从一开始就使用通用格式，您可以在此处查看strftime（）中第一个参数的文档。第二部分是random.randrange函数。它在参数之间返回一个整数。将其更改为与您想要的字符串匹配的范围。在第二个扩展的元组中，您必须有很好的论据。
import time
import random
def get_random_date():
return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",(random.randrange(2000,2016),random.randrange(1,12),
random.randrange(1,28),random.randrange(1,24),random.randrange(1,60),random.randrange(1,60),random.randrange(1,7),random.randrange(0,366),1))
I made this for another project using random and time. I used a general format from time you can view the documentation here for the first argument in strftime(). The second part is a random.randrange function. It returns an integer between the arguments. Change it to the ranges that match the strings you would like. You must have nice arguments in the tuple of the second arugment.
import time
import random
def get_random_date():
return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",(random.randrange(2000,2016),random.randrange(1,12),
random.randrange(1,28),random.randrange(1,24),random.randrange(1,60),random.randrange(1,60),random.randrange(1,7),random.randrange(0,366),1))
回答 20
熊猫+ numpy解决方案
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
def RandomTimestamp(start, end):
dts = (end - start).total_seconds()
return start + pd.Timedelta(np.random.uniform(0, dts), 's')
dts是时间戳之间的时间差（以秒为单位）（浮动）。然后将其用于创建介于0和dts之间的熊猫时间增量，并将其添加到开始时间戳中。
Pandas + numpy solution
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
def RandomTimestamp(start, end):
dts = (end - start).total_seconds()
return start + pd.Timedelta(np.random.uniform(0, dts), 's')
dts is the difference between timestamps in seconds (float). It is then used to create a pandas timedelta between 0 and dts, that is added to the start timestamp.
回答 21
根据mouviciel的回答，这是使用numpy的矢量化解决方案。将开始日期和结束日期转换为整数，在它们之间生成一个随机数数组，然后将整个数组转换回日期。
import time
import datetime
import numpy as np
n_rows = 10
start_time = "01/12/2011"
end_time = "05/08/2017"
date2int = lambda s: time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime(s,"%d/%m/%Y").timetuple())
int2date = lambda s: datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(s).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
start_time = date2int(start_time)
end_time = date2int(end_time)
random_ints = np.random.randint(low=start_time, high=end_time, size=(n_rows,1))
random_dates = np.apply_along_axis(int2date, 1, random_ints).reshape(n_rows,1)
print random_dates
Based on the answer by mouviciel, here is a vectorized solution using numpy. Convert the start and end dates to ints, generate an array of random numbers between them, and convert the whole array back to dates.
import time
import datetime
import numpy as np
n_rows = 10
start_time = "01/12/2011"
end_time = "05/08/2017"
date2int = lambda s: time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime(s,"%d/%m/%Y").timetuple())
int2date = lambda s: datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(s).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
start_time = date2int(start_time)
end_time = date2int(end_time)
random_ints = np.random.randint(low=start_time, high=end_time, size=(n_rows,1))
random_dates = np.apply_along_axis(int2date, 1, random_ints).reshape(n_rows,1)
print random_dates
回答 22
它是@（Tom Alsberg）的修改方法。我将其修改为以毫秒为单位获取日期。
import random
import time
import datetime
def random_date(start_time_string, end_time_string, format_string, random_number):
"""
Get a time at a proportion of a range of two formatted times.
start and end should be strings specifying times formated in the
given format (strftime-style), giving an interval [start, end].
prop specifies how a proportion of the interval to be taken after
start. The returned time will be in the specified format.
"""
dt_start = datetime.datetime.strptime(start_time_string, format_string)
dt_end = datetime.datetime.strptime(end_time_string, format_string)
start_time = time.mktime(dt_start.timetuple()) + dt_start.microsecond / 1000000.0
end_time = time.mktime(dt_end.timetuple()) + dt_end.microsecond / 1000000.0
random_time = start_time + random_number * (end_time - start_time)
return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(random_time).strftime(format_string)
例：
print TestData.TestData.random_date("2000/01/01 00:00:00.000000", "2049/12/31 23:59:59.999999", '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S.%f', random.random())
输出： 2028/07/08 12:34:49.977963
It’s modified method of @(Tom Alsberg). I modified it to get date with milliseconds.
import random
import time
import datetime
def random_date(start_time_string, end_time_string, format_string, random_number):
"""
Get a time at a proportion of a range of two formatted times.
start and end should be strings specifying times formated in the
given format (strftime-style), giving an interval [start, end].
prop specifies how a proportion of the interval to be taken after
start. The returned time will be in the specified format.
"""
dt_start = datetime.datetime.strptime(start_time_string, format_string)
dt_end = datetime.datetime.strptime(end_time_string, format_string)
start_time = time.mktime(dt_start.timetuple()) + dt_start.microsecond / 1000000.0
end_time = time.mktime(dt_end.timetuple()) + dt_end.microsecond / 1000000.0
random_time = start_time + random_number * (end_time - start_time)
return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(random_time).strftime(format_string)
Example:
print TestData.TestData.random_date("2000/01/01 00:00:00.000000", "2049/12/31 23:59:59.999999", '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S.%f', random.random())
Output: 2028/07/08 12:34:49.977963
回答 23
start_timestamp = time.mktime(time.strptime('Jun 1 2010 01:33:00', '%b %d %Y %I:%M:%S'))
end_timestamp = time.mktime(time.strptime('Jun 1 2017 12:33:00', '%b %d %Y %I:%M:%S'))
time.strftime('%b %d %Y %I:%M:%S',time.localtime(randrange(start_timestamp,end_timestamp)))
参考
start_timestamp = time.mktime(time.strptime('Jun 1 2010 01:33:00', '%b %d %Y %I:%M:%S'))
end_timestamp = time.mktime(time.strptime('Jun 1 2017 12:33:00', '%b %d %Y %I:%M:%S'))
time.strftime('%b %d %Y %I:%M:%S',time.localtime(randrange(start_timestamp,end_timestamp)))
refer
回答 24
# needed to create data for 1000 fictitious employees for testing code
# code relating to randomly assigning forenames, surnames, and genders
# has been removed as not germaine to the question asked above but FYI
# genders were randomly assigned, forenames/surnames were web scrapped,
# there is no accounting for leap years, and the data stored in mySQL
import random
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
for employee in range(1000):
# assign a random date of birth (employees are aged between sixteen and sixty five)
dlt = random.randint(365*16, 365*65)
dob = datetime.today() - timedelta(days=dlt)
# assign a random date of hire sometime between sixteenth birthday and yesterday
doh = datetime.today() - timedelta(days=random.randint(1, dlt-365*16))
print("born {} hired {}".format(dob.strftime("%d-%m-%y"), doh.strftime("%d-%m-%y")))
# needed to create data for 1000 fictitious employees for testing code
# code relating to randomly assigning forenames, surnames, and genders
# has been removed as not germaine to the question asked above but FYI
# genders were randomly assigned, forenames/surnames were web scrapped,
# there is no accounting for leap years, and the data stored in mySQL
import random
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
for employee in range(1000):
# assign a random date of birth (employees are aged between sixteen and sixty five)
dlt = random.randint(365*16, 365*65)
dob = datetime.today() - timedelta(days=dlt)
# assign a random date of hire sometime between sixteenth birthday and yesterday
doh = datetime.today() - timedelta(days=random.randint(1, dlt-365*16))
print("born {} hired {}".format(dob.strftime("%d-%m-%y"), doh.strftime("%d-%m-%y")))
回答 25
另一种方法两个日期之间创建随机日期使用np.random.randint()，pd.Timestamp().value并pd.to_datetime()具有for loop：
# Import libraries
import pandas as pd
# Initialize
start = '2020-01-01' # Specify start date
end = '2020-03-10' # Specify end date
n = 10 # Specify number of dates needed
# Get random dates
x = np.random.randint(pd.Timestamp(start).value, pd.Timestamp(end).value,n)
random_dates = [pd.to_datetime((i/10**9)/(60*60)/24, unit='D').strftime('%Y-%m-%d') for i in x]
print(random_dates)
输出量
['2020-01-06',
'2020-03-08',
'2020-01-23',
'2020-02-03',
'2020-01-30',
'2020-01-05',
'2020-02-16',
'2020-03-08',
'2020-02-09',
'2020-01-04']
Alternative way to create random dates between two dates using np.random.randint(), pd.Timestamp().value and pd.to_datetime() with for loop:
# Import libraries
import pandas as pd
# Initialize
start = '2020-01-01' # Specify start date
end = '2020-03-10' # Specify end date
n = 10 # Specify number of dates needed
# Get random dates
x = np.random.randint(pd.Timestamp(start).value, pd.Timestamp(end).value,n)
random_dates = [pd.to_datetime((i/10**9)/(60*60)/24, unit='D').strftime('%Y-%m-%d') for i in x]
print(random_dates)
Output
['2020-01-06',
'2020-03-08',
'2020-01-23',
'2020-02-03',
'2020-01-30',
'2020-01-05',
'2020-02-16',
'2020-03-08',
'2020-02-09',
'2020-01-04']
