Flask的网址路由中是否支持正则表达式?

问题:Flask的网址路由中是否支持正则表达式?

我知道Flask具有int,float和path转换器,但是我们正在开发的应用程序的URL中具有更复杂的模式。

有没有办法像Django一样使用正则表达式?

I understand that Flask has the int, float and path converters, but the application we’re developing has more complex patterns in its URLs.

Is there a way we can use regular expressions, as in Django?


回答 0

即使Armin用可接受的答案击败了我,我仍然认为我会显示一个简短的示例,说明如何在Flask中实现正则表达式匹配器,以防万一有人想要如何完成此工作的示例。

from flask import Flask
from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter

app = Flask(__name__)

class RegexConverter(BaseConverter):
    def __init__(self, url_map, *items):
        super(RegexConverter, self).__init__(url_map)
        self.regex = items[0]


app.url_map.converters['regex'] = RegexConverter

@app.route('/<regex("[abcABC0-9]{4,6}"):uid>-<slug>/')
def example(uid, slug):
    return "uid: %s, slug: %s" % (uid, slug)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

该URL应返回200:http:// localhost:5000 / abc0-foo /

该网址应返回404:http:// localhost:5000 / abcd-foo /

Even though Armin beat me to the punch with an accepted answer I thought I’d show an abbreviated example of how I implemented a regex matcher in Flask just in case anyone wants a working example of how this could be done.

from flask import Flask
from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter

app = Flask(__name__)

class RegexConverter(BaseConverter):
    def __init__(self, url_map, *items):
        super(RegexConverter, self).__init__(url_map)
        self.regex = items[0]


app.url_map.converters['regex'] = RegexConverter

@app.route('/<regex("[abcABC0-9]{4,6}"):uid>-<slug>/')
def example(uid, slug):
    return "uid: %s, slug: %s" % (uid, slug)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True, host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

this URL should return with 200: http://localhost:5000/abc0-foo/

this URL should will return with 404: http://localhost:5000/abcd-foo/


回答 1

您可以挂钩匹配任意表达式的自定义转换器自定义转换器

from random import randrange
from werkzeug.routing import Rule, Map, BaseConverter, ValidationError

class BooleanConverter(BaseConverter):

    def __init__(self, url_map, randomify=False):
        super(BooleanConverter, self).__init__(url_map)
        self.randomify = randomify
        self.regex = '(?:yes|no|maybe)'

    def to_python(self, value):
        if value == 'maybe':
            if self.randomify:
                return not randrange(2)
            raise ValidationError()
        return value == 'yes'

    def to_url(self, value):
        return value and 'yes' or 'no'

url_map = Map([
    Rule('/vote/<bool:werkzeug_rocks>', endpoint='vote'),
    Rule('/vote/<bool(randomify=True):foo>', endpoint='foo')
], converters={'bool': BooleanConverter})

You can hook in custom converters that match for arbitrary expressions: Custom Converter

from random import randrange
from werkzeug.routing import Rule, Map, BaseConverter, ValidationError

class BooleanConverter(BaseConverter):

    def __init__(self, url_map, randomify=False):
        super(BooleanConverter, self).__init__(url_map)
        self.randomify = randomify
        self.regex = '(?:yes|no|maybe)'

    def to_python(self, value):
        if value == 'maybe':
            if self.randomify:
                return not randrange(2)
            raise ValidationError()
        return value == 'yes'

    def to_url(self, value):
        return value and 'yes' or 'no'

url_map = Map([
    Rule('/vote/<bool:werkzeug_rocks>', endpoint='vote'),
    Rule('/vote/<bool(randomify=True):foo>', endpoint='foo')
], converters={'bool': BooleanConverter})

回答 2

您还可以编写一条捕获所有类型的路由并在该方法内执行复杂的路由:

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'], defaults={'path': ''})
@app.route('/<path:path>', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def catch_all(path):
    return 'You want path: %s' % path

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

这将匹配任何请求。在此处查看更多详细信息:捕获所有URL

You could also write a catch all type of route and do complex routing within the method:

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'], defaults={'path': ''})
@app.route('/<path:path>', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def catch_all(path):
    return 'You want path: %s' % path

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

This will match any request. See more details here: Catch-All URL.