如何在Python中附加文件？

How do you append to the file instead of overwriting it? Is there a special function that appends to the file?

with open("test.txt", "a") as myfile:
    myfile.write("appended text")

You need to open the file in append mode, by setting “a” or “ab” as the mode. See open().

When you open with “a” mode, the write position will always be at the end of the file (an append). You can open with “a+” to allow reading, seek backwards and read (but all writes will still be at the end of the file!).

Example:

>>> with open('test1','wb') as f:
        f.write('test')
>>> with open('test1','ab') as f:
        f.write('koko')
>>> with open('test1','rb') as f:
        f.read()
'testkoko'

Note: Using ‘a’ is not the same as opening with ‘w’ and seeking to the end of the file – consider what might happen if another program opened the file and started writing between the seek and the write. On some operating systems, opening the file with ‘a’ guarantees that all your following writes will be appended atomically to the end of the file (even as the file grows by other writes).

A few more details about how the “a” mode operates (tested on Linux only). Even if you seek back, every write will append to the end of the file:

>>> f = open('test','a+') # Not using 'with' just to simplify the example REPL session
>>> f.write('hi')
>>> f.seek(0)
>>> f.read()
'hi'
>>> f.seek(0)
>>> f.write('bye') # Will still append despite the seek(0)!
>>> f.seek(0)
>>> f.read()
'hibye'

In fact, the fopen manpage states:

Opening a file in append mode (a as the first character of mode) causes all subsequent write operations to this stream to occur at end-of-file, as if preceded the call:

fseek(stream, 0, SEEK_END);

Old simplified answer (not using with):

Example: (in a real program use with to close the file – see the documentation)

>>> open("test","wb").write("test")
>>> open("test","a+b").write("koko")
>>> open("test","rb").read()
'testkoko'

I always do this,

f = open('filename.txt', 'a')
f.write("stuff")
f.close()

It’s simple, but very useful.

You probably want to pass "a" as the mode argument. See the docs for open().

with open("foo", "a") as f:
    f.write("cool beans...")

There are other permutations of the mode argument for updating (+), truncating (w) and binary (b) mode but starting with just "a" is your best bet.

Python has many variations off of the main three modes, these three modes are:

'w'   write text
'r'   read text
'a'   append text

So to append to a file it’s as easy as:

f = open('filename.txt', 'a') 
f.write('whatever you want to write here (in append mode) here.')

Then there are the modes that just make your code fewer lines:

'r+'  read + write text
'w+'  read + write text
'a+'  append + read text

Finally, there are the modes of reading/writing in binary format:

'rb'  read binary
'wb'  write binary
'ab'  append binary
'rb+' read + write binary
'wb+' read + write binary
'ab+' append + read binary

when we using this line open(filename, "a"), that a indicates the appending the file, that means allow to insert extra data to the existing file.

You can just use this following lines to append the text in your file

def FileSave(filename,content):
    with open(filename, "a") as myfile:
        myfile.write(content)

FileSave("test.txt","test1 \n")
FileSave("test.txt","test2 \n")

You can also do it with print instead of write:

with open('test.txt', 'a') as f:
    print('appended text', file=f)

If test.txt doesn’t exist, it will be created…

You can also open the file in r+ mode and then set the file position to the end of the file.

import os

with open('text.txt', 'r+') as f:
    f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
    f.write("text to add")

Opening the file in r+ mode will let you write to other file positions besides the end, while a and a+ force writing to the end.

if you want to append to a file

with open("test.txt", "a") as myfile:
    myfile.write("append me")

We declared the variable myfile to open a file named test.txt. Open takes 2 arguments, the file that we want to open and a string that represents the kinds of permission or operation we want to do on the file

here is file mode options

Mode    Description

'r' This is the default mode. It Opens file for reading.
'w' This Mode Opens file for writing. 
If file does not exist, it creates a new file.
If file exists it truncates the file.
'x' Creates a new file. If file already exists, the operation fails.
'a' Open file in append mode. 
If file does not exist, it creates a new file.
't' This is the default mode. It opens in text mode.
'b' This opens in binary mode.
'+' This will open a file for reading and writing (updating)

The 'a' parameter signifies append mode. If you don’t want to use with open each time, you can easily write a function to do it for you:

def append(txt='\nFunction Successfully Executed', file):
    with open(file, 'a') as f:
        f.write(txt)

If you want to write somewhere else other than the end, you can use 'r+'^†:

import os

with open(file, 'r+') as f:
    f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
    f.write("text to add")

Finally, the 'w+' parameter grants even more freedom. Specifically, it allows you to create the file if it doesn’t exist, as well as empty the contents of a file that currently exists.

^†Credit for this function goes to @Primusa

The simplest way to append more text to the end of a file would be to use:

with open('/path/to/file', 'a+') as file:
    file.write("Additions to file")
file.close()

The a+ in the open(...) statement instructs to open the file in append mode and allows read and write access.

It is also always good practice to use file.close() to close any files that you have opened once you are done using them.

Here’s my script, which basically counts the number of lines, then appends, then counts them again so you have evidence it worked.

shortPath  = "../file_to_be_appended"
short = open(shortPath, 'r')

## this counts how many line are originally in the file:
long_path = "../file_to_be_appended_to" 
long = open(long_path, 'r')
for i,l in enumerate(long): 
    pass
print "%s has %i lines initially" %(long_path,i)
long.close()

long = open(long_path, 'a') ## now open long file to append
l = True ## will be a line
c = 0 ## count the number of lines you write
while l: 
    try: 
        l = short.next() ## when you run out of lines, this breaks and the except statement is run
        c += 1
        long.write(l)

    except: 
        l = None
        long.close()
        print "Done!, wrote %s lines" %c 

## finally, count how many lines are left. 
long = open(long_path, 'r')
for i,l in enumerate(long): 
    pass
print "%s has %i lines after appending new lines" %(long_path, i)
long.close()