问题:通过熊猫DataFrame分组并选择最常用的值

我有一个包含三个字符串列的数据框。我知道第三列中的唯一一个值对于前两个的每种组合都有效。要清理数据,我必须按前两列按数据帧分组,并为每种组合选择第三列的最常用值。

我的代码:

import pandas as pd
from scipy import stats

source = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
                  'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
                  'Short name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

print source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x: stats.mode(x['Short name'])[0])

最后一行代码不起作用,它显示“键错误’Short name’”,如果我尝试仅按城市分组,则会收到AssertionError。我该如何解决?

I have a data frame with three string columns. I know that the only one value in the 3rd column is valid for every combination of the first two. To clean the data I have to group by data frame by first two columns and select most common value of the third column for each combination.

My code:

import pandas as pd
from scipy import stats

source = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
                  'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
                  'Short name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

print source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x: stats.mode(x['Short name'])[0])

Last line of code doesn’t work, it says “Key error ‘Short name'” and if I try to group only by City, then I got an AssertionError. What can I do fix it?


回答 0

您可以value_counts()用来获取计数系列,并获取第一行:

import pandas as pd

source = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
                  'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
                  'Short name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

如果您想在.agg()中执行其他agg函数,请尝试执行此操作。

# Let's add a new col,  account
source['account'] = [1,2,3,3]

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(mod  = ('Short name', \
                                        lambda x: x.value_counts().index[0]),
                                        avg = ('account', 'mean') \
                                      )

You can use value_counts() to get a count series, and get the first row:

import pandas as pd

source = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
                  'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
                  'Short name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

In case you are wondering about performing other agg functions in the .agg() try this.

# Let's add a new col,  account
source['account'] = [1,2,3,3]

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(mod  = ('Short name', \
                                        lambda x: x.value_counts().index[0]),
                                        avg = ('account', 'mean') \
                                      )

回答 1

熊猫> = 0.16

pd.Series.mode 可用!

使用groupby,,GroupBy.agg并将pd.Series.mode功能应用于每个组:

source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode)

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg    Spb
USA      New-York             NY
Name: Short name, dtype: object

如果需要将此作为DataFrame,请使用

source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode).to_frame()

                         Short name
Country City                       
Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb
USA     New-York                 NY

有用的Series.mode是,它总是返回一个Series,使其与agg和非常兼容apply,尤其是在重构groupby输出时。它也更快。

# Accepted answer.
%timeit source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])
# Proposed in this post.
%timeit source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode)

5.56 ms ± 343 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)
2.76 ms ± 387 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)

处理多种模式

Series.mode 当有 多种模式:

source2 = source.append(
    pd.Series({'Country': 'USA', 'City': 'New-York', 'Short name': 'New'}),
    ignore_index=True)

# Now `source2` has two modes for the 
# ("USA", "New-York") group, they are "NY" and "New".
source2

  Country              City Short name
0     USA          New-York         NY
1     USA          New-York        New
2  Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb
3     USA          New-York         NY
4     USA          New-York        New

source2.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode)

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg          Spb
USA      New-York            [NY, New]
Name: Short name, dtype: object

或者,如果您想要每种模式单独一行,则可以使用GroupBy.apply

source2.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].apply(pd.Series.mode)

Country  City               
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg  0    Spb
USA      New-York          0     NY
                           1    New
Name: Short name, dtype: object

如果你 不关心返回哪种模式(只要是其中一种模式),那么您将需要一个lambda来调用mode并提取第一个结果。

source2.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(
    lambda x: pd.Series.mode(x)[0])

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg    Spb
USA      New-York             NY
Name: Short name, dtype: object

(不)考虑的替代方案

您也可以使用 statistics.mode从python,但是…

source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].apply(statistics.mode)

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg    Spb
USA      New-York             NY
Name: Short name, dtype: object

…在处理多种模式时效果不佳;一个StatisticsError提高。在文档中提到了这一点:

如果数据为空,或者没有一个最常用的值,则会引发StatisticsError。

但是你可以自己看…

statistics.mode([1, 2])
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# StatisticsError                           Traceback (most recent call last)
# ...
# StatisticsError: no unique mode; found 2 equally common values

Pandas >= 0.16

pd.Series.mode is available!

Use groupby, GroupBy.agg, and apply the pd.Series.mode function to each group:

source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode)

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg    Spb
USA      New-York             NY
Name: Short name, dtype: object

If this is needed as a DataFrame, use

source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode).to_frame()

                         Short name
Country City                       
Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb
USA     New-York                 NY

The useful thing about Series.mode is that it always returns a Series, making it very compatible with agg and apply, especially when reconstructing the groupby output. It is also faster.

# Accepted answer.
%timeit source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])
# Proposed in this post.
%timeit source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode)

5.56 ms ± 343 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)
2.76 ms ± 387 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)

Dealing with Multiple Modes

Series.mode also does a good job when there are multiple modes:

source2 = source.append(
    pd.Series({'Country': 'USA', 'City': 'New-York', 'Short name': 'New'}),
    ignore_index=True)

# Now `source2` has two modes for the 
# ("USA", "New-York") group, they are "NY" and "New".
source2

  Country              City Short name
0     USA          New-York         NY
1     USA          New-York        New
2  Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb
3     USA          New-York         NY
4     USA          New-York        New

source2.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(pd.Series.mode)

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg          Spb
USA      New-York            [NY, New]
Name: Short name, dtype: object

Or, if you want a separate row for each mode, you can use GroupBy.apply:

source2.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].apply(pd.Series.mode)

Country  City               
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg  0    Spb
USA      New-York          0     NY
                           1    New
Name: Short name, dtype: object

If you don’t care which mode is returned as long as it’s either one of them, then you will need a lambda that calls mode and extracts the first result.

source2.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].agg(
    lambda x: pd.Series.mode(x)[0])

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg    Spb
USA      New-York             NY
Name: Short name, dtype: object

Alternatives to (not) consider

You can also use statistics.mode from python, but…

source.groupby(['Country','City'])['Short name'].apply(statistics.mode)

Country  City            
Russia   Sankt-Petersburg    Spb
USA      New-York             NY
Name: Short name, dtype: object

…it does not work well when having to deal with multiple modes; a StatisticsError is raised. This is mentioned in the docs:

If data is empty, or if there is not exactly one most common value, StatisticsError is raised.

But you can see for yourself…

statistics.mode([1, 2])
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# StatisticsError                           Traceback (most recent call last)
# ...
# StatisticsError: no unique mode; found 2 equally common values

回答 2

对于agg,lambba函数获得一个Series没有'Short name'属性的。

stats.mode 返回两个数组的元组,因此您必须采用此元组中第一个数组的第一个元素。

通过以下两个简单的更改:

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x: stats.mode(x)[0][0])

退货

                         Short name
Country City                       
Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb
USA     New-York                 NY

For agg, the lambba function gets a Series, which does not have a 'Short name' attribute.

stats.mode returns a tuple of two arrays, so you have to take the first element of the first array in this tuple.

With these two simple changements:

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x: stats.mode(x)[0][0])

returns

                         Short name
Country City                       
Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb
USA     New-York                 NY

回答 3

这里的游戏有点晚了,但是我遇到了HYRY解决方案的一些性能问题,因此我不得不提出另一个问题。

它的工作原理是找到每个键值的频率,然后对每个键只保留最常出现的值。

还有一个支持多种模式的附加解决方案。

在代表我正在处理的数据的规模测试中,运行时间从37.4s减少到0.5s!

这是解决方案的代码,一些示例用法和规模测试:

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import random
import time

test_input = pd.DataFrame(columns=[ 'key',          'value'],
                          data=  [[ 1,              'A'    ],
                                  [ 1,              'B'    ],
                                  [ 1,              'B'    ],
                                  [ 1,              np.nan ],
                                  [ 2,              np.nan ],
                                  [ 3,              'C'    ],
                                  [ 3,              'C'    ],
                                  [ 3,              'D'    ],
                                  [ 3,              'D'    ]])

def mode(df, key_cols, value_col, count_col):
    '''                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    Pandas does not provide a `mode` aggregation function                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
    for its `GroupBy` objects. This function is meant to fill                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    that gap, though the semantics are not exactly the same.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    The input is a DataFrame with the columns `key_cols`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
    that you would like to group on, and the column                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
    `value_col` for which you would like to obtain the mode.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    The output is a DataFrame with a record per group that has at least one mode                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
    (null values are not counted). The `key_cols` are included as columns, `value_col`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    contains a mode (ties are broken arbitrarily and deterministically) for each                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
    group, and `count_col` indicates how many times each mode appeared in its group.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
    '''
    return df.groupby(key_cols + [value_col]).size() \
             .to_frame(count_col).reset_index() \
             .sort_values(count_col, ascending=False) \
             .drop_duplicates(subset=key_cols)

def modes(df, key_cols, value_col, count_col):
    '''                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    Pandas does not provide a `mode` aggregation function                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
    for its `GroupBy` objects. This function is meant to fill                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    that gap, though the semantics are not exactly the same.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    The input is a DataFrame with the columns `key_cols`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
    that you would like to group on, and the column                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
    `value_col` for which you would like to obtain the modes.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

    The output is a DataFrame with a record per group that has at least                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    one mode (null values are not counted). The `key_cols` are included as                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    columns, `value_col` contains lists indicating the modes for each group,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
    and `count_col` indicates how many times each mode appeared in its group.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    '''
    return df.groupby(key_cols + [value_col]).size() \
             .to_frame(count_col).reset_index() \
             .groupby(key_cols + [count_col])[value_col].unique() \
             .to_frame().reset_index() \
             .sort_values(count_col, ascending=False) \
             .drop_duplicates(subset=key_cols)

print test_input
print mode(test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')
print modes(test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')

scale_test_data = [[random.randint(1, 100000),
                    str(random.randint(123456789001, 123456789100))] for i in range(1000000)]
scale_test_input = pd.DataFrame(columns=['key', 'value'],
                                data=scale_test_data)

start = time.time()
mode(scale_test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')
print time.time() - start

start = time.time()
modes(scale_test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')
print time.time() - start

start = time.time()
scale_test_input.groupby(['key']).agg(lambda x: x.value_counts().index[0])
print time.time() - start

运行此代码将打印如下内容:

   key value
0    1     A
1    1     B
2    1     B
3    1   NaN
4    2   NaN
5    3     C
6    3     C
7    3     D
8    3     D
   key value  count
1    1     B      2
2    3     C      2
   key  count   value
1    1      2     [B]
2    3      2  [C, D]
0.489614009857
9.19386196136
37.4375009537

希望这可以帮助!

A little late to the game here, but I was running into some performance issues with HYRY’s solution, so I had to come up with another one.

It works by finding the frequency of each key-value, and then, for each key, only keeping the value that appears with it most often.

There’s also an additional solution that supports multiple modes.

On a scale test that’s representative of the data I’m working with, this reduced runtime from 37.4s to 0.5s!

Here’s the code for the solution, some example usage, and the scale test:

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import random
import time

test_input = pd.DataFrame(columns=[ 'key',          'value'],
                          data=  [[ 1,              'A'    ],
                                  [ 1,              'B'    ],
                                  [ 1,              'B'    ],
                                  [ 1,              np.nan ],
                                  [ 2,              np.nan ],
                                  [ 3,              'C'    ],
                                  [ 3,              'C'    ],
                                  [ 3,              'D'    ],
                                  [ 3,              'D'    ]])

def mode(df, key_cols, value_col, count_col):
    '''                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    Pandas does not provide a `mode` aggregation function                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
    for its `GroupBy` objects. This function is meant to fill                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    that gap, though the semantics are not exactly the same.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    The input is a DataFrame with the columns `key_cols`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
    that you would like to group on, and the column                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
    `value_col` for which you would like to obtain the mode.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    The output is a DataFrame with a record per group that has at least one mode                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
    (null values are not counted). The `key_cols` are included as columns, `value_col`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    contains a mode (ties are broken arbitrarily and deterministically) for each                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
    group, and `count_col` indicates how many times each mode appeared in its group.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
    '''
    return df.groupby(key_cols + [value_col]).size() \
             .to_frame(count_col).reset_index() \
             .sort_values(count_col, ascending=False) \
             .drop_duplicates(subset=key_cols)

def modes(df, key_cols, value_col, count_col):
    '''                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    Pandas does not provide a `mode` aggregation function                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
    for its `GroupBy` objects. This function is meant to fill                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    that gap, though the semantics are not exactly the same.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    The input is a DataFrame with the columns `key_cols`                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
    that you would like to group on, and the column                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
    `value_col` for which you would like to obtain the modes.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

    The output is a DataFrame with a record per group that has at least                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
    one mode (null values are not counted). The `key_cols` are included as                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    columns, `value_col` contains lists indicating the modes for each group,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
    and `count_col` indicates how many times each mode appeared in its group.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    '''
    return df.groupby(key_cols + [value_col]).size() \
             .to_frame(count_col).reset_index() \
             .groupby(key_cols + [count_col])[value_col].unique() \
             .to_frame().reset_index() \
             .sort_values(count_col, ascending=False) \
             .drop_duplicates(subset=key_cols)

print test_input
print mode(test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')
print modes(test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')

scale_test_data = [[random.randint(1, 100000),
                    str(random.randint(123456789001, 123456789100))] for i in range(1000000)]
scale_test_input = pd.DataFrame(columns=['key', 'value'],
                                data=scale_test_data)

start = time.time()
mode(scale_test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')
print time.time() - start

start = time.time()
modes(scale_test_input, ['key'], 'value', 'count')
print time.time() - start

start = time.time()
scale_test_input.groupby(['key']).agg(lambda x: x.value_counts().index[0])
print time.time() - start

Running this code will print something like:

   key value
0    1     A
1    1     B
2    1     B
3    1   NaN
4    2   NaN
5    3     C
6    3     C
7    3     D
8    3     D
   key value  count
1    1     B      2
2    3     C      2
   key  count   value
1    1      2     [B]
2    3      2  [C, D]
0.489614009857
9.19386196136
37.4375009537

Hope this helps!


回答 4

这里有两个最重要的答案:

df.groupby(cols).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

或者,最好

df.groupby(cols).agg(pd.Series.mode)

但是,在简单的边缘情况下,这两种方法都会失败,如下所示:

df = pd.DataFrame({
    'client_id':['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'B', 'C'],
    'date':['2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01'],
    'location':['NY', 'NY', 'LA', 'LA', 'DC', 'DC', 'LA', np.NaN]
})

首先:

df.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

收益IndexError(由于group返回的空Series C)。第二:

df.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(pd.Series.mode)

返回ValueError: Function does not reduce,因为第一组返回两个列表(因为有两种模式)。(如记录在这里,如果第一批返回的单一模式,这会工作!)

针对这种情况的两种可能的解决方案是:

import scipy
x.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(lambda x: scipy.stats.mode(x)[0])

以及cs95在这里的评论中给我的解决方案:

def foo(x): 
    m = pd.Series.mode(x); 
    return m.values[0] if not m.empty else np.nan
df.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(foo)

但是,所有这些都很慢,不适合大型数据集。我最终使用的一种解决方案是abw33的答案(应该更高)的稍微修改的版本:a)可以处理这些情况,b)快得多。

def get_mode_per_column(dataframe, group_cols, col):
    return (dataframe.fillna(-1)  # NaN placeholder to keep group 
            .groupby(group_cols + [col])
            .size()
            .to_frame('count')
            .reset_index()
            .sort_values('count', ascending=False)
            .drop_duplicates(subset=group_cols)
            .drop(columns=['count'])
            .sort_values(group_cols)
            .replace(-1, np.NaN))  # restore NaNs

group_cols = ['client_id', 'date']    
non_grp_cols = list(set(df).difference(group_cols))
output_df = get_mode_per_column(df, group_cols, non_grp_cols[0]).set_index(group_cols)
for col in non_grp_cols[1:]:
    output_df[col] = get_mode_per_column(df, group_cols, col)[col].values

从本质上讲,该方法一次在一个col上工作并输出df,因此concat您可以将第一个视为df而不是密集的,然后将输出数组(values.flatten())迭代添加为df中的一列。

The two top answers here suggest:

df.groupby(cols).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

or, preferably

df.groupby(cols).agg(pd.Series.mode)

However both of these fail in simple edge cases, as demonstrated here:

df = pd.DataFrame({
    'client_id':['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'B', 'C'],
    'date':['2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01', '2019-01-01'],
    'location':['NY', 'NY', 'LA', 'LA', 'DC', 'DC', 'LA', np.NaN]
})

The first:

df.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

yields IndexError (because of the empty Series returned by group C). The second:

df.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(pd.Series.mode)

returns ValueError: Function does not reduce, since the first group returns a list of two (since there are two modes). (As documented here, if the first group returned a single mode this would work!)

Two possible solutions for this case are:

import scipy
x.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(lambda x: scipy.stats.mode(x)[0])

And the solution given to me by cs95 in the comments here:

def foo(x): 
    m = pd.Series.mode(x); 
    return m.values[0] if not m.empty else np.nan
df.groupby(['client_id', 'date']).agg(foo)

However, all of these are slow and not suited for large datasets. A solution I ended up using which a) can deal with these cases and b) is much, much faster, is a lightly modified version of abw33’s answer (which should be higher):

def get_mode_per_column(dataframe, group_cols, col):
    return (dataframe.fillna(-1)  # NaN placeholder to keep group 
            .groupby(group_cols + [col])
            .size()
            .to_frame('count')
            .reset_index()
            .sort_values('count', ascending=False)
            .drop_duplicates(subset=group_cols)
            .drop(columns=['count'])
            .sort_values(group_cols)
            .replace(-1, np.NaN))  # restore NaNs

group_cols = ['client_id', 'date']    
non_grp_cols = list(set(df).difference(group_cols))
output_df = get_mode_per_column(df, group_cols, non_grp_cols[0]).set_index(group_cols)
for col in non_grp_cols[1:]:
    output_df[col] = get_mode_per_column(df, group_cols, col)[col].values

Essentially, the method works on one col at a time and outputs a df, so instead of concat, which is intensive, you treat the first as a df, and then iteratively add the output array (values.flatten()) as a column in the df.


回答 5

正确的答案是@eumiro解决方案。@HYRY解决方案的问题是,当您拥有[1,2,3,4]之类的数字序列时,解决方案是错误的,即您没有mode。例:

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> df = pd.DataFrame(
        {
            'client': ['A', 'B', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'D', 'D', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'A'], 
            'total': [1, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4], 
            'bla': [10, 40, 30, 20, 40, 10, 20, 30, 50, 10, 20, 20, 20, 30, 40]
        }
    )

如果您像@HYRY那样进行计算,则会得到:

>>> print(df.groupby(['client']).agg(lambda x: x.value_counts().index[0]))
        total  bla
client            
A           4   30
B           4   40
C           1   10
D           3   30
E           2   20

这显然是错误的(请参阅A值,该值为1而不是4),因为它不能使用唯一值进行处理。

因此,另一种解决方案是正确的:

>>> import scipy.stats
>>> print(df.groupby(['client']).agg(lambda x: scipy.stats.mode(x)[0][0]))
        total  bla
client            
A           1   10
B           4   40
C           1   10
D           3   30
E           2   20

Formally, the correct answer is the @eumiro Solution. The problem of @HYRY solution is that when you have a sequence of numbers like [1,2,3,4] the solution is wrong, i. e., you don’t have the mode. Example:

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> df = pd.DataFrame(
        {
            'client': ['A', 'B', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'D', 'D', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'A'], 
            'total': [1, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4], 
            'bla': [10, 40, 30, 20, 40, 10, 20, 30, 50, 10, 20, 20, 20, 30, 40]
        }
    )

If you compute like @HYRY you obtain:

>>> print(df.groupby(['client']).agg(lambda x: x.value_counts().index[0]))
        total  bla
client            
A           4   30
B           4   40
C           1   10
D           3   30
E           2   20

Which is clearly wrong (see the A value that should be 1 and not 4) because it can’t handle with unique values.

Thus, the other solution is correct:

>>> import scipy.stats
>>> print(df.groupby(['client']).agg(lambda x: scipy.stats.mode(x)[0][0]))
        total  bla
client            
A           1   10
B           4   40
C           1   10
D           3   30
E           2   20

回答 6

如果您想要另一种不依赖的解决方法,value_counts或者scipy.stats可以使用Counter集合

from collections import Counter
get_most_common = lambda values: max(Counter(values).items(), key = lambda x: x[1])[0]

这样可以应用于上面的例子

src = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
              'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
              'Short_name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

src.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(get_most_common)

If you want another approach for solving it that is does not depend on value_counts or scipy.stats you can use the Counter collection

from collections import Counter
get_most_common = lambda values: max(Counter(values).items(), key = lambda x: x[1])[0]

Which can be applied to the above example like this

src = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
              'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
              'Short_name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

src.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(get_most_common)

回答 7

如果您不想包含NaN值,则使用Counter的速度比pd.Series.mode或快得多pd.Series.value_counts()[0]

def get_most_common(srs):
    x = list(srs)
    my_counter = Counter(x)
    return my_counter.most_common(1)[0][0]

df.groupby(col).agg(get_most_common)

应该管用。当您具有NaN值时,这将失败,因为每个NaN都将被分别计算。

If you don’t want to include NaN values, using Counter is much much faster than pd.Series.mode or pd.Series.value_counts()[0]:

def get_most_common(srs):
    x = list(srs)
    my_counter = Counter(x)
    return my_counter.most_common(1)[0][0]

df.groupby(col).agg(get_most_common)

should work. This will fail when you have NaN values, as each NaN will be counted separately.


回答 8

这里的问题是性能,如果您有很多行,那将是一个问题。

如果是您的情况,请尝试以下操作:

import pandas as pd

source = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
              'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
              'Short_name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

source.groupby(['Country','City']).Short_name.value_counts().groupby['Country','City']).first()

The problem here is the performance, if you have a lot of rows it will be a problem.

If it is your case, please try with this:

import pandas as pd

source = pd.DataFrame({'Country' : ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia','USA'], 
              'City' : ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
              'Short_name' : ['NY','New','Spb','NY']})

source.groupby(['Country','City']).agg(lambda x:x.value_counts().index[0])

source.groupby(['Country','City']).Short_name.value_counts().groupby['Country','City']).first()

回答 9

对于较大的数据集,较为笨拙但较快的方法包括获取感兴趣列的计数,将计数从高到低排序,然后对子集进行重复数据删除以仅保留最大的个案。代码示例如下:

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> source = pd.DataFrame(
        {
            'Country': ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia', 'USA'], 
            'City': ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
            'Short name': ['NY', 'New', 'Spb', 'NY']
        }
    )
>>> grouped_df = source\
        .groupby(['Country','City','Short name'])[['Short name']]\
        .count()\
        .rename(columns={'Short name':'count'})\
        .reset_index()\
        .sort_values('count', ascending=False)\
        .drop_duplicates(subset=['Country', 'City'])\
        .drop('count', axis=1)
>>> print(grouped_df)
  Country              City Short name
1     USA          New-York         NY
0  Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb

A slightly clumsier but faster approach for larger datasets involves getting the counts for a column of interest, sorting the counts highest to lowest, and then de-duplicating on a subset to only retain the largest cases. The code example is following:

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> source = pd.DataFrame(
        {
            'Country': ['USA', 'USA', 'Russia', 'USA'], 
            'City': ['New-York', 'New-York', 'Sankt-Petersburg', 'New-York'],
            'Short name': ['NY', 'New', 'Spb', 'NY']
        }
    )
>>> grouped_df = source\
        .groupby(['Country','City','Short name'])[['Short name']]\
        .count()\
        .rename(columns={'Short name':'count'})\
        .reset_index()\
        .sort_values('count', ascending=False)\
        .drop_duplicates(subset=['Country', 'City'])\
        .drop('count', axis=1)
>>> print(grouped_df)
  Country              City Short name
1     USA          New-York         NY
0  Russia  Sankt-Petersburg        Spb

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